Global awrming in Nepalby Susmita Thapa | 05-10-2024 00:41 |
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13.jpeg) Nepal is located in the Himalayas, with a vast range of altitudes that contribute to varied climatic zones—from tropical in the Terai plains to alpine in the northern mountainous regions. This diversity supports rich biodiversity and numerous ecosystems but also makes the country susceptible to extreme weather patterns. Nepal has been experiencing significant changes in its climate, including rising temperatures, erratic rainfall patterns, and an increase in the frequency of natural disasters. Impacts of Global Warming in Nepal Temperature Rising: Average temperatures in Nepal have risen by 0.6¡ÆC over the last few decades, with projections suggesting a rise of 2¡ÆC to 4¡ÆC by 2100. This increase affects both human and ecological systems and exacerbates existing vulnerabilities. Melting Glaciers: The Himalayas are home to over 3,000 glaciers, crucial for sustaining river systems that feed millions. Global warming has led to accelerated glacier retreat, which not only threatens water supplies but also increases the risk of glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs). Changes in Precipitation Patterns: Global warming has altered monsoon patterns, causing erratic rainfall, prolonged dry spells, and increased intensity of storms. These changes jeopardize agricultural yields, with potential crop failures in an agriculture-dependent economy. Biodiversity Loss: Nepal's ecosystems are sensitive to climate changes, which can disrupt habitats and threaten endemic species. Flora and fauna may migrate to higher altitudes or latitudes, putting additional pressure on existing ecosystems. Increased Natural Disasters: The frequency and intensity of climate-related disasters, such as floods, landslides, and droughts, have increased. This poses significant threats to rural communities and infrastructure, exacerbating poverty and vulnerability. Public Health Impacts: Rising temperatures and changing rainfall patterns can exacerbate health issues related to waterborne diseases and heat stress. Vulnerable populations, including those in rural areas, are at greater risk. Socioeconomic Implications The socioeconomic fabric of Nepal is intricately linked to its natural resources. Agriculture constitutes a crucial part of the economy, employing around 60% of the population. Impacts of global warming threaten food security, livelihoods, and exacerbate poverty. Additionally, tourism, another pillar of the economy, may suffer if the natural beauty and biodiversity that attract visitors are compromised. While the challenges are daunting, proactive measures focusing on adaptation and mitigation can enhance the resilience of communities and ecosystems. Ongoing research, international support, and community engagement are essential for fostering a sustainable future in the face of climate change. The commitment from both local and global entities will determine Nepal's path toward addressing the challenges posed by global warming effectively
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