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[MAY THEMATIC REPORT]-WASTE WATER TREATMENT PART 1. (URBAN ECO FRIENDLY TECHNOLOGY)

by Baraka E Urio | 05-05-2023 19:27




INTRODUCTION
Did we know why water is termed as the universal solvent, because water can dissolve much more substances than any liquid in the world, (Note. It can't dissolve everything), due to that water is the most important solvent in the world, it compose to about 80% of living organism body ie. Plants, Animals, Fungi etc. 
Water is food, and water is also the source of food (This is awesome), Plant growth depends on water for food transportation, excretion, photosynthesis and other activities, this is likewise to animals. As the environmentalist water is the most important part of the environment as it covers to about 71% of the world. 
Living organisms uses water in many ways and some of these usage of water methods release waste water as the byproducts ie. Industrial waste water, Home activities waste water, and Sewage waste water. 
These waste waters can be used again, by using Eco-technology of waste water treatment, water can be recycled and consumed again as the resource. 
We have different ways of waste water purification from simple ones, to complicated ways of purification, and different technologies can be applied basing on the final usage of waste water if its for drinking consumption, agriculture, fishing and other activities. 


DISCUSSION.
At this part one report, we will discuss the first point of waste water treatment after collection, which is waste water treatment plant. 
In almost all over the world, every municipals, city or region is required to establish its own waste water treatment plant to reduce water pollution. 
In Tanzania, every Municipal have its own waste water treatment plant, One of the most famous plant in my region Kilimanjaro is located in Moshi Municipal which is owned by Moshi Urban Water supply and Sanitation Authority (MUWSA)-(https://www.muwsa.go.tz/services/category/sewerage-services).


STEPS OF WASTE WATER TREATMENT. 
1. Preliminary treatment
As wastewater enters the facility, it passes through bar screens to remove leaves, twigs, and litter such as plastic bags, food wrappers, bottles, and sanitary wet wipes.


2. Primary treatment (Sedimentation)
Next, the wastewater enters primary settling tanks where the flow of water slows down. We skim off the lighter solids that float, such as grease and small plastic material from the surface of the tanks. Meanwhile, sludge, or the heavier organic solids (feces, food, and paper fibers), begins to sink. We remove this primary sludge from the bottom of the settling tanks for thickening and digestion.


3. Secondary Treatment
During secondary treatment, we add air to aeration tanks to foster a healthy environment for oxygen-loving microorganisms that are naturally present in the sewage. These helpful microorganisms consume much of the organic material in the wastewater, which yields heavier particles that can be removed more easily.
Aerated wastewater then flows to final settling tanks, where the heavier solids settle to the bottom. We remove most of this secondary sludge and combine it with the primary sludge for thickening and digestion. We return some of the secondary sludge to the aeration tanks to help maintain the right mix of helpful microorganisms and process incoming wastewater.


4. Disinfection.
We add sodium hypochlorite, the same chemical found in household bleach, to disinfect wastewater and remove any remaining disease-causing microorganisms. We then release the treated wastewater, or effluent, as clean water into local waterways. 


CONCLUSION. 
After being treated water is released into water bodies like rivers, oceans etc. the remained organic components are used by sea organisms as the source of food thus enhancing's water purification, water that are ejected into water bodies are the also treated to be used for other purposes.