Air is one of the most important elements to support all creatures. With the presence of air, humans and living things can breathe and carry out their daily activities. One of the functions of clean air is to reduce the risk of chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular (heart disease and stroke) to several types of cancer. By breathing fresh air, people will also rarely get sick or get sick. Therefore, on a small scale, dirty air can cause shortness of breath, coughing, mucus buildup in the airways, and sore throat. However, nowadays, especially in urban areas, getting clean air is very difficult because there are so many vehicles and factories as a result of industrial activities.

Air pollution is one of the biggest health and environmental problems in the world. Air pollution contributes to around 11.65 percent of deaths globally and is a risk factor for disease. The 2021 World Health Organization (WHO) report states that air pollution is one of the major environmental risks to health, causing morbidity and mortality, including cancer, cardiovascular disease and respiratory disease. In 2020, Indonesia is ranked 17th in the world with the worst air pollution in the world with the highest concentration of PM2.5, which is approximately around 34.3 g/m3. Pollution by fine particulate matter, known as PM2.5, is generally accepted as the most dangerous pollutant. This type of pollutant has been found to be a major contributing factor to human health effects, such as asthma, stroke, heart and lung disease. Air pollution causes more than 10,000 deaths, 5,000 hospitalizations, and 7,000 children experience various health problems every year in Jakarta, costing trillions of Rupiahs.

Humans are the main and biggest cause of air pollution. Humans also affected with the bad effects of air pollution. Air pollution is one of the environmental damages, in the form of decreasing air quality due to the entry of harmful elements into the air or the earth's atmosphere, which can be carbon monoxide (CO), Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), chlorofluorocarbon (CFC), sulfur dioxide (So2), Hydrocarbons (HC), Tin (Pb), and Carbon Dioxide (CO2). These elements are air pollutants. The entry of pollutants into the atmosphere which causes air pollution can be caused by two factors, namely natural factors and human factors. The causes of air pollution are natural factors, for example, volcanic activity which emits volcanic ash and gas, forest fires, and microorganism activities. The pollutants produced are usually in the form of smoke, dust, and gas.

The problem of air pollution requires the cooperation of all elements, including civil society. This condition is a wake-up call for all parties to continue to raise awareness about the importance of clean air. In facing this challenge, the synergy between the government, the community and various related parties is the main key in creating clean air and a healthier life for all citizens and society. in an effort to create real change, the government and non-governmental organizations need to invite all elements of society to voice their right to clean air and influence policies and enforcement of clean air in Indonesia. Currently, studies are continuing to be carried out and the government, together with the community and related cross-sectors, will develop efforts to prevent the urban air pollution crisis in Indonesia.