Agenda : The impact of economic growth, industrial structure and urbanization on carbon emission intensity

Country : Republic of Moldova

Committee: ECOSOC

MUN : EIMUN 2016

Moldova officially the Republic of Moldova is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe, bordered by Romania to the west and Ukraine to the north, east, and south. The capital city is Chisinau.

On October 2015, Moldova became member of ECOSOC for 2016-2018. The Republic of Moldova is committed to an unconditional target of a 64-67 per cent reduction of its greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 compared to 1990 levels.

The emission of GHG per capita decrease from 9,95 tons CO2 equivalent in 1990 to 3,16 tons CO2 equivalent in 2013 with decrease of 30%. Moldova is currently implementing National Strategy on Energy 2020. Moldova is dedicated to reduce Carbon emission in energy sector by 20 %, in industrial sector by 20 %, in agriculture sector by 30 %, in waste sector by 25 %.

Substituting fossil fuels with natural gas and liquefied gas, developing and implementing national environmental standards and rules in line with EU standards so as to reduce harmful substances emissions, implementation of Directive 93/76/EEC on limiting CO2 emissions, Directive 94/63/EEC and Directive 96/59/EEC of EU laws development of creative financing schemes by duplicating successful programs implemented in other countries. The Strategy foresees an increase of the share of renewable energy sources in the country?s energy balance up to 20 per cent in 2020. The production of bioethanol is to be realized from grain cereals and sugar sorghum, while the production of biodiesel from oily technical cultures (e.g., rape, sunflower and grape seeds).

It?s been decade and more since Moldova signed UNFCC and ratified Kyoto Protocol. International agreements have set up the basic foundations for the structure and operation of various segments of policies formulated for reduction of carbon emission. Some laws include: Law on natural gas, law on electric energy, law on energy efficiency, law on renewable sources.

Moldova also implemented Environmental Strategy for 2014�. In addition, the Environmental Strategy and the Government Activity Program include and encourage actions such as: extending the amount of protected areas the use of biomass renewable energy the use of solar and wind energy closed-cycle water devices applied research on clean technologies and conducting national awareness-raising campaigns on ecology and sustainable development. All of these interventions would contribute to the preservation and sustainable exploitation of the stock of natural capital, thereby creating the enabling conditions for a transition to a green economy in Moldova.

According to the recent survey on green economy by the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), the Republic of Moldova has the most developed organic sector, both commercially and in terms of policy and government involvement.