Climate change is not a new phenomenon for South America actually, it has been serious issue with unprecedented events in the past such as,

- Immense rainfall in Venezuela (2005)

- Flooding in the Argentine Pampas (2000)

- Amazon drought (2005) in Brazil

- Hailstorms in Bolivia (2002) and Greater Buenos Aires area (2006)

The changing rainfall pattern in South America has various negative impacts on countries. Unusual low rainfall in Southern Chile, south-western Argentina, southern Peru, and western Central America causes the drought related food crisis. Highly increased rainfall in south-eastern Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, the Argentine Pampas, and some parts of Bolivia brings serious floods in the regions. Also, as global temperature is rising, Andean glaciers possibly will disappear, which will affect the water availability as well.

There are 4 sectors affected by global warming in South America.

-Land area: nearly 3/4 of dry land surface in Latin America has been influenced by climate change and deforestation.

-Water:  about 77 million people are likely to suffer from water stress caused by climate change by the 2020s.

-Biodiversity: a significant extinction of species is expected in the tropical zone.

-Coastal areas: the rising in sea level will affect coastal areas, especially, low-lying areas. Infrastructure, tourism, the availability of drinking water etc will be the relevant issues.

Even though many countries are vulnerable to climate change, unfortunately, there is a lack of current climate data for South and Central America and also more climate studies and publications are required. 

It is very important that nations from latin america get together to find out solutions to mitigate such a issue. Otherwise, our specie and all species in the planet will suffer gradually more.

SOURCE: know climate change