Plastics are generally recycled back into oil in massive facilities, but a Japanese inventor has built a table top machine that can accomplish the same task safely and cleanly.

The machine, produced in various sizes, for both industrial and home use, can easily transform a kilogram of plastic waste into a litre of oil, using about 1 kWh of electricity but without emitting CO2 in the process. The machine uses a temperature controlling electric heater instead of flames, processing anything from polyethylene or polystyrene to polypropylene (numbers 2-4).

Plastic has a higher energy value than just about any other type of waste. To harness this energy while addressing the waste problem, Japanese company Blest has created a machine that converts several types of plastic into oil. It?s called the Blest Machine and was put together by Akinori Ito, after he began to see the places he played in as a child disappearing. He wanted to make the process of plastic recycling more accessible, so that less landfill would be required an increasing problem in densely-populated Japan.

Rather than burning the plastic using flame, which generates CO2, the machine uses a temperature-controlled electric heater to convert plastic into crude gas, which can then be used to power gas-based household appliances like stoves, boilers and generators or, if refined, can even be pumped into a car or motorcycle. Small yet highly efficient, the machine produces nearly one liter of oil – gasoline, diesel or kerosine – from every kilogram of plastic, requiring only 1 kilowatt of electricity for the conversion.

Though the machine currently processes only plastic class 2, 3 and 4 (polyethylene, polystyrene and polypropylene) and not class 1 (PET bottles), it still offers a remarkable solution to a serious problem and has many potential applications.

To operate, you put your plastic trash in a large bucket, then screw on a lid. The temperature inside rises, slowly melting the plastic, which becomes a liquid and then a gas. The gas passes through a tube into a container filled with water, where it than cools and forms oil again. That oil can then be burnt as-is or further separated into gasoline, diesel and kerosene. A kilogram of plastic turns into about a litre of oil.

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http://www.dailyillini.com/article/2014/03/university-researchers-aim-to-convert-plastic-bags-to-biofuels