Agricultural systems are facing some problems as a result of anthropogenic climate change as they are much more vulnerable to severe weather. Predictions indicate that a rise in world population in the next years will make the issue worse and raise the demand for food worldwide. Regarding the use and availability of natural resources, it will raise serious issues. One of the human activities that will be increasingly impacted in the future in agriculture. Extreme weather poses a serious threat to agricultural output, both in terms of quantity and quality. Among the most troublesome elements that will worsen due to human climate change are drought, water, and soil salinity. To address this complicated and concerning situation, immediate implementation of sustainable measures that might increase agricultural production and quality, boost production. Hence Plant Biostimulants can be a promising approach to improving plant resistance to abiotic environmental stresses In the contemporary era of a rapidly changing climate, crop plants are subjected to abiotic stressors more often. This involves exposure to abrupt and unpredictably changing meteorological circumstances, phytosanitary risks, and growing environments, all of which have a significant negative impact on global agricultural output. Microbial symbionts cohabit with plants; some of these symbionts are important for the ecosystem and plant activities. A long-term method for increasing plant production and performance, especially in the face of stressors brought on by climate change, is the use of microbial biostimulants, which benefit from symbiotic connections. Microbial biostimulants, such as helpful filamentous fungi, yeasts, and bacteria, can increase plant growth, yield, nutrition, and stress tolerance.

 BSt is a compound or mixture of various organic compounds of natural origin that can promote plant growth under various environmental stresses. Generally, biostimulants (BSts) are organic inputs applied to plants to enhance nutrition efficiency, abiotic stress tolerance, and crop quality traits, regardless of their nutrient content. Based on their origin, BSts are categorized into two broad groups: non–microbial BSts (chitosan, humic and fulvic acids, protein hydrolysates, phosphites, seaweed extracts, and silicon) and microbial BSts (arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, plant growth–promoting rhizobacteria, and Trichoderma spp.) Owing to their good solubility and multiplication ability in the rhizosphere, the application of BSts to the field and horticultural crops could overcome the yield barrier due to environmental stresses. Further, they can aid in realizing maximum potential yield with the minimum usage of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides. The use of biostimulants has shown great promise for reducing the abiotic stresses that climate change has worsened without sacrificing crop productivity, quality, or yields that would provide food and nutritional security. These organic agro-inputs look to be a potential replacement for synthetic protectants and offer a way to develop farming techniques that are incredibly sustainable and environmentally benign. Yet among the small and marginal farmers, it is crucial to comprehend and raise awareness about the fundamental understanding of these organic-based goods. Moreover, in the backdrop of a changing climate, there is a pressing need for further strengthening of biostimulant products and specialized crop-based research and development. Because biostimulants operate differently in various crops under different conditions, evaluating and verifying them in specific areas, such as their effectiveness and safety, is a current challenge.

References: Biostimulants