An energy conservation bill aimed at increasing the proportion of renewable energy in India and establishing a carbon trading scheme is currently being considered by the Indian parliament. In June, the nation had established a goal of generating half of its electricity from renewable sources by 2030. The Bill establishes penalties for businesses and residential buildings that do not meet minimum requirements for renewable use. In August, the important lower chamber of India's parliament approved the bill, and the upper house is expected to do the same before the end of the year.

India's electricity mix over the past ten years is shown by data to show how ambitious this goal is. India increased its use of nuclear and waste-burning renewable energy from 16% to 22% between 2010 and 2020. Therefore, the country's energy transformation must accelerate significantly if it is to reach 50% renewables in ten years.

In 2020, India will generate 77% of its electricity from fossil fuels, with coal accounting for 72.5 percent, natural gas for 4.2 percent, and oil for 0.3 percent.

Renewable energy sources and nuclear power only made up 4% of India's energy mix in 2020, despite the country's overall demand for energy and not just electricity. The proportion of fossil fuels was roughly the same as in the generation of electricity: around three quarters. The remaining 20% of India's energy needs are met by biofuels, with traditional biofuels like wood and agricultural byproducts accounting for the majority (13 percent). India anticipates a similarly challenging transition in household energy, industry, and transportation in order to achieve its goal of becoming carbon-neutral by 2070.