The sun plays an important role in warming the earth, its rays reach the earth whose surface absorbs some of it, and returns the rest in the form of infrared waves that travel to the atmosphere and then escape back into space, if nothing intercepts them and keeps them in the atmosphere.

Greenhouse gases of carbon dioxide, methane, nitrogen oxide and ozone are naturally present in the atmosphere to make the Earth habitable, and without them the planet's temperature would be below freezing.

 The logical question now arises, as long as these gases existed naturally from the beginning, what changed then and made the earth almost burn from the intensity of the heat?

According to NASA, changes have been observed in the Earth's climate since the middle of the twentieth century, attributed to human activities that stimulate this, especially the burning of fossil fuels that are used for the majority of modern activities for the production of electricity, heating, transportation, etc., which resulted in an increase in the levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

Carbon dioxide levels began to rise since the beginning of the industrial era in the eighteenth century, but with the increase in human activities that release carbon dioxide, its amount has now reached 150% compared to the past.

 Burning fossil fuels now releases more than twenty billion tons of carbon dioxide into the Earth's atmosphere annually. This led to the presence of a lot of carbon dioxide molecules that work to form a kind of cover that traps heat inside the earth's atmosphere, which is called "global warming", where the carbon dioxide gas in the atmosphere absorbs the reflected rays from the earth's surface to return them again. to the Earth's surface in the form of thermal energy, rather than emitting it into space.