An energy storage system is a device used to store and convert electrical energy from power systems for later use when it is needed. An ESS aids in the efficient use and management of electrical energy as well as, the assurance of a steady supply and cost savings. Electricity is stored in energy storage during periods when production outpaces consumption and the stores are used during periods when consumption outpaces production. Energy storage will be crucial in the fight of climate change. Therefore the next major challenge is to develop sustainable and affordable energy storage solutions.

Batteries are the most rapidly expanding storage technology.

Different services for electrical systems such as generating, transmitting and distributing electricity can be made easier by storage technologies in the energy sector. They can also help increase the self consumption of solar and other renewable energy sources by homes, commercial buildings and industrial facilities. when the wind is not blowing batteries can produce electricity and provide a backup.

In the transport system, electric vehicles may be more costly to acquire but they are less expensive to operate because electricity is less expensive and subject to fewer taxes than petroleum. repair costs for electric vehicles are also relatively low.