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Wood and Agricultural Fiber Waste Utilization

by | 13-07-2013 17:50


FAO?s Global Forest Resources Assesment estimated that the global forest area was 4.033 billion hectares where net deforestration at the global level occurred at the rate of 0.14 % per year between 2005-2010 (FAO 2010, FAO 2012). One of the above reasons isn?t optimalized utilization of wood so that there were in excess of waste wood. According to Pemkab Jepara (2012), there are 64.546 m3/year of wood waste obtained by wood industries in Jepara Regency. In other hand, there are abundant agrofibers of agriculture wastes such as sugar cane, bagasse, rice straw, wheat straw, sunflower stalks, bamboo, sisal, jute, and so forth. These wastes are not managed properly so that they pollute environment and disturb the activities of societies. In recent years, wood waste and agrofiber waste are apparently lignocellulosic materials that are potential to be converted into an eco-products. They contain cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin, ash, water, and so forth. The eco-product will be renewable, recyclable, and biodegradable products caused it comprises natural fibers (Ashori 2010, Pan et al. 2012).

Yet, wood waste and agrofiber waste have used to produce renewable fuel, bricket, animal feed, fertilizer, and so on. For instance, some furniture industries in Jepara use wood wastes as source of renewable fuel and component of bricket. Meanwhile, some cities of Indonesia have started to use agricultural waste such as rice straw and sugar cane for producing biogas. In addition, agricultural residues from sunflower stalks are used the least for animal feed or as a source of fuel (Khristova et al. 1996). As part of lignocelluloses from wood forest products, used paper taken from magazine, tissue, newspaper and sludge have been narrowly developed by industries to produce wood composite. The above case is a demand for substituting solid wood as timber resources in natural forests decline. They are used to typical applications as flooring, wall and ceiling panels, office dividers, bulletin boards, furniture, cabinets, counter tops, and desk tops (Wang et al. 2007).

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