The Earth's climate has changed significantly as a result of the global warming. The main way most people experience climate change is through changes in extreme weather and climatic events, like heat waves and droughts. Some of these extreme events have already become more frequent and more intense due to human induced climate change. Extreme weather or climate events can have severe effects on human communities, agricultural systems, and natural ecosystems. Extreme weather-related events includesn heat waves, cold weather, torrential rain, cyclones, tropical cyclones, and floods,landslides etc. Extreme weather events are a consequence of the rapid changes to our global climate due to human activity. Carbon dioxide and different  greenhouse are produced  during burning of fossil fuels for transportation, heating, and power.

Every year various part of Nepal experience major agricultural losses due to droughts, floods, heat waves, severe storms, wildfires, or other natural disasters. Extreme weather events have increased in frequency and severity during the past few decades. Extreme weather conditions can severely impact crop productivity and, as a result, crop yields. During critical growth phases, the majority of crops are vulnerable to the direct effects of high temperatures, low precipitation, flooding, and abrupt freezes.

Indirect effect includes influences on soil processes, nutrient dynamics, and pest organisms, other effects on crops. Unexpected heavy rains and a flood severely damaged the ready-to-harvest crop in all of the country's major rice-producing regions, endangering the food security and way of life of the nation's smallholder rice farmers.

But there is a need to balance efforts on all areas of adaptation, including the adoption of crop management practices, in consideration of an approaching climate crisis to mitigate effect of extreme weather