However, the volatile weather patterns from heatwaves to heavy rains pose a threat to the Uganda's food stocks and to human security. The country experiences extreme weather events which lead to mudslides, landslides and flooding, particularly for country's mountain regions and related districts such as Mbale in the Mt. Elgon region. Extreme events leading to disasters such as floods, droughts and landslides have increased over the last 30 years. Flooding has become more frequent, largely due to increased intense rainfall. This has led to greater impact of floods and are causing more damage due to expanded infrastructure,  human settlement and general development of the country. 

Flooding, particularly in low lying areas of the country present the largest risk, especially the recent floods that occurred in Kasese district of western Uganda. Heavy rainfall in the arid areas has led to flash flooding causing infrastructure damage. The heavy rains distort the mountains thus leading to landslides which leads to death of people and the area becomes infiltrated with water. 

The increase in heavy rains is attributed to the changing climate patterns and rapid loss of forest cover, due to the trees being cut down to be used as fuel. On May 10th 2020 amidst COVID 19 lock down and restrictions that were established by the government of Uganda in order to curb the spread of COVID 19, communities living around Mt. Rwenzori suffered a double tragedy when heavy rains caused a massive destruction to property and lives. Nyamwamba and Mubuk burst and caused flooding. Also, Kilembe mines hospital was destroyed and a number of households were displaced. Today over 1500 households are displaced and live in makeshift arrangements. 

Prolonged dry seasons are also frequent leading to loss of crops and livestock. The accumulative damages caused by those natural disasters amount to over 200,000 deaths and at least $80 million economic loss.