Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) conveys that business must be a major participant in sustainable development.

It is a management concept whereby companies integrate social and environmental concerns in their business operations and interactions with their stakeholders. This can be done through charity donations, environmental policies and consciousness, sustainability practices, volunteer opportunities and workplace labor policies (D. Romero, 2021).

Environmental policies may cover eco-friendly use of energy and water, prevention of pollution, waste and recycling, and use of chemicals.

A considerable amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere comes from business-driven activities. 

However, compliance with voluntary

reporting guidelines and certification programs, along with legal changes, are starting to change the normative environment of how businesses conduct themselves in terms of their environmental and social obligations through CSR activities.

In Uganda, corporate bodies contribute to environmental responsibility mainly through funding climate response and conservation activities such as tree planting, climate campaigns, water body cleaning and through green certification.

CSR activities and sustainability initiatives are criticized in that short-term CSR actions are ineffective if not dangerous and cause-related marketing campaigns often associated with CSR efforts allow organizations to make a profit due to global social problems. 

CSR can also function as a depoliticizing marketing practice that cements the role and power of corporate actors without delivering real improvements to people and communities. Critics further argue that CSR is increasingly part of the problem, and that halfhearted CSR campaigns are not effective. In addition, they assert that CSR is just another management fad that supports wider corporate

and capitalist ideologies that can have a devastating impact on workers, local communities and other stakeholders.

In conclusion, climate action is the collective responsibility of individuals, communities, corporate actors and governments.

Allen, M.W., Craig, C.A. Rethinking corporate social responsibility in the age of climate change: a communication perspective. Int J Corporate Soc Responsibility 1, 1 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40991-016-0002-8

D. Romero. The 4 best CSR activities to increase employee engagement in the workplace.

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