What is River Kharkhai? 

Kharkai is the Lifeline of Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India. The Kharkai is gotten from the Sanskrit word "Kharkaya" signifying "quick streaming waterway". The valley of the lower Kharkai is very wide and rice is the essential harvest. The Kharkai Dam is situated at Ichha, Orissa. It begins from Mayurbhanj district, Orissa, on the north inclines of Darbarmela Parbat and the western slants of Tungru Pahar of the Simlipal Massif. It streams past Rairangpur and travels north to about Saraikela and afterwards east, entering the Subarnarekha at Domuhani, going through Adityapur.

What’s the problem with the Lifeline of Jamshedpur?

There is a steel plant, Tata Steel, at Jamshedpur and many industries in Adityapur Industrial Area. The river gets polluted throughout its journey.

What are the causes of water pollution at Kharkai?

We can segregate this into two parts:

1. Natural Causes 
2. Man-made Causes 

Regular causes: The biodegraded bits of plants and creatures blend in with water and contaminate it. The disintegration of stream banks caused siltation and this sediment now and then hamper sea-going lives. Numerous sorts of normal salts and other sub-positions blend in with downpour water lastly fall in the waterways and lakes.

Man-made causes: The significant part of water contamination of the Kharkai waterway happened by artificial causes. Innovative squanders, agrarian squanders, homegrown squanders, overabundance and so on are striking synthetic poisons. Water is genuinely dirtied by these toxins. Water, contaminated by such kinds of poisons, is exceptionally unsafe for both human and sea-going lives. Strict and social practices in the Indian Societies in India are the glaring model since they are bringing about harm to the waterways. Individuals love the waterways as "Goddesses" or "Devi" with incredible confidence forever, however, these strict exercises assuming some pretence of confidence, are demonstrating expensive to the streams, since they include incognizant and uninformed practices, which hurt the streams. The significant reasons for stream contamination likewise remember consuming of dead bodies for the bank of waterways, tossing of un-consumed or half-consumed bodies in the waterways, tossing of bodies of creatures, mass-washing in waterways and symbol inundation in the waterways during the bubbly seasons.

According to the report by the International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)

Ref: Analysis of Kharkai River Pollution by Meenu Verma.

The main pollutants of the river are: 

a) Organic wastes

b) Liquid Inorganic wastes

c) Nutrient substances

d) Synthetic compounds 

e) Inorganic chemicals 

f) Silt and sediment

g) Hot water (Direct Runoff from the steel plants) 

h) Industrial, Municipal waste

What should be the solution to these problems faced by River Kharkai?

1. Modern wastes management methods should be applied. Private sectors may be encouraged for introducing a modern recycling process.
2. A metropolitan sewerage framework should be created and the squanders ought to be treated before unloading it to the water body.
3. Country individuals ought to know about elective purposes of creature defecation.
4. Food sources, containing nutrients and supplements should take for the healing of arsenic pollution.
5. Broad communications should approach in the exposure of causes and effects of water contamination.