In the every corner of the globe, the mass consumption has came to dominate, Whether in advanced or developing counties and whether in urban or rural areas, we must face the serious challenge of handling the industrial wastes produced by our own activities of daily living. Foul odors at garbage dumps and sewage treatments plants are absolutely problematic in many parts of the globe. The increasing consumption and production activities in all the subsectors of economy along with the population growth, settlements, urbanization, industrialization, etc. will contribute to enhance waste generation. It is expected that waste generation is likely to increase further in the years to come. Ideally we must develop ways to minimize the So there is the absolute need for the waste management approaches. The first step of scientific and effective waste management starts from the categorization and collection of waste from the primary sources where they are generated. At present there are the numerous technologies developed so far for the management of the waste as environmental management, wastes recycling, treatment and disposal, pollution control and prevention and wastewater reuse became the most important issues and in the top of the global agenda. The selection of the correct disposal methods should actually focuses on the environmentally safe, sound methods. Of the various technology being implemented and had already discussed like composting, recycling and so on, here the another technology being applied for the waste management are use of effective micro organisms. EM has been used at waste and wastewater treatment plants all over the world. EM has enabled the suppression of foul odors and the manufacture of high-quality compost. This leads to better resource circulation.

What is EM?

Effective microorganisms technology is the method that has been developed by the Professor T.Higa of Japan in which a mixed culture of beneficial, micro organisms particularly photosynthesis, lactic acid forming bacteria, yeasts, actinomycetes and fermenting fungus are applied as an inoculants to enhance the microbial activities and diversity of the soils. and has also been described as a multi-culture of coexisting anaerobic and aerobic beneficial microorganisms. The main species involved in EM include: Lactic acid bacteria: Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus casei, Streptoccus lactis; Photosynthetic bacteria: Rhodopseudomonas palustrus, Rhodobacter spaeroides; Yeasts: Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida utilis; Actinomycetes: Streptomyces albus, Streptomyces griseus.

 EM can be used in various form such as:

-           EM -1 : with the irrigation water

-           EM- 5 :  EM-1 with vinegar, spirit, molasses, garlic, Chilly, Neem. This is  fermented for 30 days then used for the small vegetable crop which has the effective role in the controlling of the various insects and pest in the crop.

-          EM Bio pesticide : EM + mustard cake, fish powder

-           EM- X : EM + soya sauce is mixed to make the probiotics. This probiotics consists of the maximum amount of the minerals, vitamins and enzymes

-            EM Ceramix : EM + special soil are fermented  and are produced. These are used for maintaining  of the water quality and the health of the animals.

How EM helps in waste management?

EM is eco-friendly, safe and organic. EM is effective in all conditions. The turning process requires 20 to 22days with higher C: N ratio due to presence of microbes. EM technology is not only environmental friendly but goes a step further to actually protect the environment. It suppresses harmful gases generated form garbage. Introducing EM into the anaerobic treatment facilities help to reduce the unpleasant by-products of this decomposition .

Hence us of EM could be the best alternatives for the waste managements and water treatments that are environmentally sound, cost effective and applicable in small to large quantity of organic garbage, it will absolutely reduce the quantity of pollutants, garbage and foul odour.