Sustainable Cities for an Ecofriendly Future

Success of any initiative, prerequisites a positive proactive start. With the ongoing urbanization of the world, the ‘Sustainable City’ concept, can neither be treated as an oxymoron, nor considered a myth and I see it as a viable solution for an ecofriendly future.

I have lived in United Arab Emirates, where ‘Masdar City’ in Abu Dhabi, is successfully pioneering a “greenprint”- with sustainability and rapid urbanization, going hand in hand. Dubai, another major city that has seen unprecedented exponential growth in the last two decades, is steadily integrating existing infrastructure with a mass rapid transport system and clean energy options. Through innovative combination of regional architectural techniques with modern technology, these cities are substantially reducing consumption of energy and water, as also minimizing wastes.

This reinforces my belief that making cities sustainable, which also stipulates them being inclusive, safe, and resilient; is challenging but not unachievable- though more easily feasible in new developments than existing ones.

A healthy human body has various organ systems functioning in tandem. This unique creation of nature can serve as a living model for a sustainable city. An effective, affordable and safe public transport system can form its skeletal system; and clean energy solutions the circulatory system. Green areas serve as the respiratory system and a practical waste management as the excretory system. Employment opportunities and an efficient infrastructure comprise the digestive system, with stable and conscientious governance forming the nervous system. Let me explain how.

Planning high rise or high density developments along well connected transport routes can render private transportation unnecessary. Peak time congestion charges in busy areas and car sharing schemes for poorly connected areas, can further discourage private vehicle use. Promoting non motorized transportation and use of bicycles through investment in special lanes, renting and parking facilities; and pedestrianisation of urban areas with underground public transportation can ease surface traffic load and pollution.

Urban planning must focus on clean energy and exploiting local weather conditions. Stress on conventional energy resources can be eased by a decentralized system, capturing prevailing winds and harnessing solar energy. Modern engineering solutions can be further employed to minimize consumption of electricity. In cold regions, combined heat and power or CHP, for instance can considerably improve energy efficiency. Thereafter, energy and water consumption must be reduced through suitable options, incentives and sanctions.

‘Urban’ need not mean ‘concrete jungle’. Green areas, community parks and forest reserves should be integrated within the cities to help preserve the natural ecosystems and biodiversity, as also to balance pollution and offset carbon emission. Rooftop or balcony gardening and street landscaping can supplement a healthy green lifestyle. Small comprehensive communities with localised employment and easily accessible facilities can also contribute to sustainability.

Cities must firstly minimize waste and thereafter treat it as a resource. While organic wastes can easily be composted, regulating non bio degradable materials and encouraging behavioral changes can control overgrowing landfills. Recycling at community level can further support waste management and reducing greenhouse emissions. At Sharjah in UAE, a running track and play area floored with 7500 recycled tyres is a fine example of creative upcycling of waste.

While acceptance of individual responsibility is essential at a micro level, a politically and economically secure society with stable governance is fundamental to urban sustainability. Governments must ensure and encourage wise use of resources, sustainable procurement, sensible production and prudent consumption. Research, innovation and education for sustainable development can lay a strong foundation for sustainable cities.

To quote Leon Megginson “It is not the strongest or the most intelligent who will survive but those who can best manage change.”  As global warming threatens to impact all facets of urban life, an increased awareness and adaptation to climate change is critical. Making all integral systems of a city work harmoniously like well greased cogs of a gear assembly, will be the key to the future of sustainable urban development.