The rapid development of all sectors of the economy in the last century has resulted in an increase in the negative impact of human activities on the environment and the overuse of natural resources. Preservation of ecological balance, rational use of natural resources, protection of water, soil and air from pollution has become a universal problem.

Along with demographic growth, concerns such as the sharp rise in consumption and the depletion of natural resources that cannot be recovered in the future have also affected environmental thinking and activities.

Undoubtedly, environmental problems concern all people, and the study of these problems is one of the most important requirements for human development.

Maintaining the necessary balance between the economy, society and the environment in the context of the global environmental crisis can only be achieved through the formation of a new environmentally safe and economically optimal model of development - sustainable development. 

Although each country has its own environmental strategy and policy, global goals are aimed at ensuring that people live in a healthy environment, protect and develop the environmental values ​​of society, and improve the quality of the environment. 

Azerbaijan has made significant progress in social and economic development in recent years, and the sustainability of these achievements has been identified as a key priority.

Carrying out large-scale work to solve environmental problems in Azerbaijan, the state policy aimed at improving the environmental situation is an important part of the country's sustainable development strategy.

To ensure environmental security, minimize and improve environmental pollution, rational use of natural resources to meet the needs of present and future generations, use alternative energy sources and achieve energy efficiency, assess needs at the national level on global environmental issues, identify solutions, international Expansion of relations with organizations is the main direction of the country's environmental policy.

The country's environmental strategy is aimed at protecting natural resources at the national, international and regional levels by strengthening the coordination of activities in the field of environmental protection, the application of science-based development principles, ensuring sustainable use of the country's economic and human resources.

Back in 2003, Azerbaijan adopted the National Program for Environmentally Sustainable Socio-Economic Development. According to the Action Plan to ensure the sustainability of the environment, one of the Millennium Development Goals, the principles of sustainable development have been included in public policies and programs. 

In modern times, energy security and environmental pollution, global climate change are the main concerns of mankind. Scientists and experts have different views on the solution of the problem, the most important of which today is the use of alternative and renewable energy sources.

All countries are trying to attract new energy sources to their fuel and energy balance. Non-traditional energy sources such as wind, solar, biomass, waves, swells, and hydrological energy of small rivers have a special place in this competition. The potential of such alternative energy sources is endless, and no one doubts their environmental efficiency.

The application of clean technologies to solve the existing environmental problems related to the development of all sectors of the economy in the country is given great importance. In order to attract investments to the "green economy", measures are being taken to make extensive use of environmentally friendly alternative energy sources, reduce greenhouse gases, and use energy efficiently in industry, transport, construction and other areas.

Azerbaijan considers global climate change to be one of the most difficult challenges facing humanity and supports joint efforts to prevent it.

No country, regardless of its level of development, is insured against the effects of climate change, and this is clearly shown by the extreme natural disasters that are taking place. 

In accordance with the provisions of the concept of sustainable development, the integration of economic development with ecological balance, giving priority to environmental protection, efficient and sustainable use of alternative energy sources will play an important role in preventing damage to our planet.