Soil bioengineering techniques have been widely used for many centuries. Soil bioengineering is the technology where living plant materials are used to provide some engineering function. Soil bioengineering has been considered as  effective tool for treatment of a variety of unstable and / or eroding sites. Soil bioengineering is the use of live plant materials and flexible engineering techniques to alleviate environmental problems such as destabilized and eroding slopes, streambanks, and trail systems. Unlike other technologies where plants are chiefly used in aesthetic component of the project, plants in soil bioengineering systems are an important structural component. These imbedded plant materials act as 1. soil reinforcement. 2. Barriers to earth movement,3. Moisture wicks and 4. hydraulic drains.

Historically, in earlier times engineers relied primarily on hard/conventional solutions, such as rock, for slope and landslide stabilization. Erosion and sediment control can be expensive using these solutions. Soil bioengineering is an attractive alternative to conventional engineering solutions for erosion and sediment control and can, in fact, eliminate sediment control altogether. Soil bioengineering uses live plants and plant parts as building materials for engineering solutions to provide erosion control, slope and stream bank stabilization, landscape restoration, and wildlife habitat. By definition, soil bioengineering is an integrated technology that uses sound engineering practices in conjunction with ecological principles to design and construct vegetative living systems to prevent erosion, to stabilize shallow areas of soil instability, and to protect and enhance healthy systems. The techniques can minimize maintenance needs and provide broader functions including a more attractive, natural look than conventional treatments alone. Most soil bioengineering techniques mimic nature by establishing a foundation upon which nature can build to become self sustaining. Essentially, the vegetation becomes the structure. Typically this is achieved by using locally available materials and a minimum of heavy equipment, offering roadside managers an effective long term and inexpensive way to resolve local environmental problems.

Soil erosion in agricultural land, rangeland and highways is one of the major environmental problems in Nepal. Construction of engineering structures is expensive and they are also not the complete solution of erosion control. So, in our case, there is a need of an alternative conservation method which can be adopted with less expenditure, uses locally available materials, are environmentally friendly and increase the aesthetic value of landscape. Nepal being a developing country, cannot afford for the very expensive engineering measures of soil conservation. Bioengineering measures not only reduce the cost of conservation but also reinforce the structure if built property. The biological entities that are used in erosion control have multiple uses. Bamboo, utis, amriso, bais, and other plant

species are popularly being used for fodder, timber, fuelwood and other purposes. Many landslide affected areas are rehabilitated by the use of bioengineering measures in Nepal. The erosion control project in the Krishna Bhir also adopts the same technology. Many plant species including Besram are being popularly used in streambank erosion control in Terai region. Some grasses like Vetivar can be used in industrial purpose also i.e. oil extraction. Green Road Construct and Sloping Agricultural Land Technology, although, are not achieving a widespread adoption in Nepal, they have a good deal of significance in the mountainous country like ours.

 Thus, Soil bioengineering with the alternative living plant part can be the effective low cost technology for the effective control of the various environmental crises.