Organic matter - the sum of organic matter that makes up the biomass, ie the sum of living matter of organisms, dead matter of organisms (sediment, peat, etc.), humus or humus and a large amount of product (protein, carbohydrates, lignin, fats) formed by the decomposition of dead mass , resin, wax, organic acids, tanning agents).

The abundance of organic compounds in the carbon atom depends on many factors. There are currently more than 13 million organic substances. Organic chemistry is related to many sciences. First of all, organic chemistry, biochemistry, physical chemistry, biology, physics, anatomy, physiology, biotechnology, ecology, etc. develops in close connection with the sciences. The role and services of many scientists have been in the development of organic chemistry. Y.Sil, S.Gerar, E.Franklit, Kekule, A.Kuper, M.Lomonosov, AMButlerov, M.Markovnikov and etc.

Modern organic chemistry faces great challenges. Thus, the current oil reserves can meet the needs of the world's population for 50-100 years. Find an alternative fuel type that replaces this type of fuel, to convert coal into yeast fuel, to use methanol, ethanol, to use water gas, synthesis gas as fuel, to increase the number and variety of polymers derived from natural gas, to replace metals with polymers in the national economy, to buy new types of artificial and synthetic fibers; t to synthesize new drugs against pests, to synthesize new drugs to prevent new diseases in animals and humans, etc. Synthesis obtained by new organic research methods, the structure of organic compounds is studied precisely and their internal structure is fully revealed. X-ray, spectroscopy, electron microscopy, NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance), etc. The composition and structure of new substances have been precisely studied by new methods.

Oil;

Paraffin oil - Romania, Grozny, Pennsylvania (USA)

Rich in naphthenes - Baku, California. Emba and others.

Rich in aromas-Borno, Sumatra, Perm.

Up to 2,000 substances are extracted from oil.