**Environmental terrorism against Azerbaijan**

The 2nd Karabakh War between Armenia and Azerbaijan, which took place from September to November 2020, resulted in significant human casualties, displacement, and destruction of infrastructure. However, it is crucial to also address the environmental damage caused by the conflict, as it can have long-lasting ecological consequences for the affected region. In this article, we will explore the environmental impact of Armenia's actions during the 2nd Karabakh War on Azerbaijan.

 **Destruction of Forests and Wildlife**

One of the most immediate and visible environmental damages caused by the conflict was the destruction of forests and wildlife habitats. Armenia, during its occupation of Azerbaijani territories, engaged in deliberate acts of deforestation as a means to camouflage military positions and hinder Azerbaijani forces. Satellite imagery and on-the-ground reports indicate that valuable forests, including the strategically important Lachin Forest, were systematically destroyed. This not only resulted in the loss of thousands of trees but also disrupted wildlife populations, endangering various species and their ecosystems.

 **Contamination of Water Sources**

During the war, Armenia targeted critical infrastructure, including water supply systems, in Azerbaijani territories. This deliberate targeting led to the contamination and pollution of rivers, reservoirs, and water sources in the conflict-affected areas. The damage to water infrastructure disrupted the delivery of clean water to civilian populations, creating a humanitarian crisis and posing health risks due to waterborne diseases. Moreover, the spillage of hazardous substances, such as oil and chemicals, into the water bodies further exacerbated the ecological damage.

 **Damage to Agricultural Land and Livelihoods**

Agriculture is a crucial sector for Azerbaijan's economy, and significant damage was inflicted upon agricultural land during the conflict. Armenia targeted farmlands, irrigation systems, and livestock, directly impacting the livelihoods of Azerbaijani farmers. In addition to this intentional destruction, unexploded ordnance and landmines scattered across the conflict zones pose a significant threat to those who wish to return and resume their agricultural activities, making large areas temporarily unusable for farming.

**Destruction of Cultural and Natural Heritage Sites**

The conflict has also taken a toll on Azerbaijan's rich cultural and natural heritage sites. Historic monuments, archaeological sites, and cultural landmarks, including religious structures, were systematically vandalized, destroyed, or desecrated by Armenian forces during the occupation. This irreversible loss of cultural heritage not only affects Azerbaijan's cultural identity but also depletes the potential for tourism and economic development in the region.

 **Spillages and Fires from Military Activities**

The intense military activities during the 2nd Karabakh War resulted in fuel and oil spillages, fires, and explosions, which caused environmental contamination and habitat degradation. Military equipment, including tanks, vehicles, and ammunition, often leaked fuel or caught fire, releasing toxic pollutants into the soil, air, and water. These incidents further contributed to the deterioration of ecosystems, air quality, and overall environmental health in the conflict-stricken areas.

**Conclusion**

The 2nd Karabakh War caused significant environmental damage to Azerbaijan, with deliberate acts of deforestation, contamination of water sources, destruction of agricultural land, and cultural heritage sites, as well as oil spillages and fires from military activities. This environmental devastation will have long-term consequences for ecosystems, biodiversity, public health, and socio-economic development in the affected regions. It is crucial for the international community to address and assist in the rehabilitation and restoration efforts to mitigate the environmental impact of war and promote sustainable development in these areas.However, against the background of these proceedings, the "Human rights watch" organization constantly accuses Azerbaijan, and thus the objectivity of the "Human rights watch" organization is in doubt.This is my personal opinion.