[Free report] My new discovery on ecological problemsby Diana Gamazova | 14-02-2021 16:01 |
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45.jpg) 15.jpg) Today I want to tell you about NEW problems which I explored throughout in the last year, and made a report on them in this month. Please shear what do you think on it! You are the most welcome! Kazakhstan has a well-developed mining and processing industry, and the growth rates of these industries have been increasing over the past five years. Large industrial facilities are being built and put into operation, which leads to an increase in air pollution, to the deterioration of the ecology of Kazakhstan as a whole. For many years, the republic has accumulated more than twenty billion tons of waste, about a third of which is toxic. The main part of this waste is the result of the activities of the mining and mining-processing industry, enterprises of ferrous metallurgy, petrochemicals, production of building materials. Despite the fact that large companies and the government are developing programs to combat air pollution, the environment in Kazakhstan leaves much to be desired. A big problem is the utilization of associated and natural gases in the production of hydrocarbons. When the associated gas is burned by flares, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, and soot are released into the atmosphere. The most harmful industries are lead – zinc in the area of Ust-Kamenogorsk, lead-phosphate in Shymkent, the phosphorus industry of Taraz, and the chrome enterprises of Aktyubinsk. The most polluted atmospheric air over the East Kazakhstan, Karaganda, and Pavlodar regions. In the cities of Kazakhstan, the main contribution to air pollution is made by road transport. Low quality of fuel used and the lack of filters for purification of exhaust gas, the poor state of rolling stock fleets, the increase in the number of cars in cities, leads to the fact that emits huge amounts of carbon monoxide, lead, etc. In fifteen cities of the republic, the level of air pollution with harmful emissions has been increased. Among these cities – Zyryanovsk, Aktau, Temirtau, Taraz, Petropavlovsk, Shymkent, Almaty. The high level of air pollution in cities is the result of outdated production technologies, inefficient treatment facilities, and poor quality of the fuel used. The main pollutants are dust, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, hydrocarbons, phenol, lead, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen chloride, ammonia, etc. Each of these substances has its own negative effect on health. Dust, for example, causes diseases of the respiratory system, liver, and blood. The most dusty cities of Kazakhstan are Aktau, Atyrau, Zhezkazgan, Semipalatinsk, Ust-Kamenogorsk. Disorders of the nervous system can be caused by an increased content of carbon monoxide in the air. At the same time, headaches occur, memory decreases, and sleep is upset. High carbon monoxide content is observed in such cities as Almaty, Aktobe, Karaganda, Kostanay, Petropavlovsk, Pavlodar, Semipalatinsk and some others. If there are several types of pollutants in the air, which is usually the case, the negative effect is further enhanced. This affects the immune system, which often leads to cancer. It is extremely dangerous to pollute the atmosphere with the products of radioactive decay and as it turned out, the most carcinogenic! Thus, the region has the following sources of atmospheric pollution: 1. Pollution by fuel combustion products for domestic, industrial and transport purposes. 2. Radioactive contamination of the atmosphere as a result of nuclear tests. 3. Natural pollution by suspended particles entering the atmosphere from dust storms and fires.! The process of land desertification in arid, semi-arid and dry areas, resulting from human activities, has reached unprecedented proportions. Meanwhile, all life on Earth depends on a thin, unstable layer of soil covering the land. This precious layer, according to scientists, is the youngest on our planet, it takes an excruciatingly long time to form, but it can be destroyed with incredible speed. The formation of a layer of soil in a few centimeters occurs over centuries, but if used improperly, it can be carried away by the wind and washed away by water in just 1 year. The fight against desertification is particularly relevant in Kazakhstan, where, in addition to the presence of ecologically poor regions, the characteristic instability of the soil, the scarcity of vegetation, the sharply continental climate and anthropogenic influences repeatedly accelerate the process of desertification. It is not surprising that in Kazakhstan, more than 66 % of the land affected by desertification; the result was a massive development of steppe virgin soil of arable land has lost 30% of humus; in the industrial extraction of minerals; in many regions there was salinization, and soil fertility. The result was the degradation of pastures, the loss of the gene pool of flora and fauna, and, as a result, a whole chain of environmental disasters that significantly worsened the living conditions and health of the population. Moreover, scientists say that the degree of soil degradation in Kazakhstan ranks first in the world. Today, the activities of various multinational companies that are actively developing oil resources pose a particular threat to the ecology of Kazakhstan. And it is not only that foreign companies are sometimes guided by commercial interests to the detriment of the environment, but also that oil pollution itself is in the first place in terms of the degree of negative impact on the flora and fauna in almost all oil-producing countries of the world. Significant pollution of the environment of Kazakhstan occurs due to numerous launches from the Baikonur cosmodrome, as in each separating first stage, according to experts, there may be up to 1.5 tons of unused fuel-toxic heptyl, the so-called guarantee reserve that falls to the ground when launching a launch vehicle. Summarizing the above, it should be noted that the existing legislation in Kazakhstan in the field of environmental protection, providing legal regulation of relations between economic entities and the state, does not affect important aspects of environmental standards, i.e. the responsibility of economic entities – for applying control over their activities or full guardianship over them; the role and place of environmental standards of NGOs, their interaction, as foreign companies and domestic enterprises for causing serious environmental damage get off with minor fines, without changing the previous working conditions. It is obvious that at present there are objective prerequisites for strengthening state control over the implementation of existing ones and the development of a number of new regulatory legal acts in the field of the environment. The source of the photograps - https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fmail.kz%2Fru%2Fnews%2Fkz-news%2Fdeputat-prosit-obratit-vnimanie-na-ekologicheskie-problemy&psig=AOvVaw1OGXXtkNZMU2WF7XWLTnGy&ust=1613911299063000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=2ahUKEwjSxdqevvjuAhWLqIsKHWKHAdYQr4kDegUIARC-AQ https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fvlast.kz%2Fnovosti%2F33525-v-resenie-ekologiceskoj-problemy-atyrau-dolzny-byt-vovleceny-vse-tokaev.html&psig=AOvVaw1OGXXtkNZMU2WF7XWLTnGy&ust=1613911299063000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=2ahUKEwjSxdqevvjuAhWLqIsKHWKHAdYQr4kDegUIARDfAQ
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