Water is considered to be polluted when it contains enough foreigh materials  and unfit for specific beneficial use such as drinking, irrigation ,bathing ,recreation , fishing etc. We observed a number of causes and effects of the pollution of the Katuwa khola .   Katuwa khola is the major source of irrigation waterof river linked areas but its quality is degrading day by day due the many reasons .In the selected site we found that waste is maily polluted due to the waste thrown by the people near the river side that were generated from household ,hospitals,  factories  drainages etc  The water of this khola is being contaminated by a wide spectrum of chemicals ,fertilizers , pesticides , pathogens etc that comes from the agricultural field and the hospitals . The sewage and industrial waste discharge is also a major cause to pollute the water of this area . the water is also polluted by the use of the chemicals while killing the fish , discharge of facial matter and aanimal waste in this area.
 
 
 
 Effects of water pollution
 
 From the observation and the interview with the local people a no of effects are mentioned by the local people .
 
·       The direct and the indirect consumption of the water of the katuwa khola has caused negative impact to the health of human , animals and others . the aquatic life of the whole area is affected due to pollution of the site .
 
·       People of the area are suffering from disease like diarrhoea , typhoid , allergies  etc
 
·       The foul smell coming out from the decomposition of biodegradable causes disordernes in human.
 
·        The agricultural productivity is declining by its use as irrigation water .
 
·       The vegetation and other aquatic species are decreasing in number .
 
·       It is degrading the natural beauty of the place .
 
·       The life expectancy of the people of the locality is gatting lower .
 
 
 
 Preventive and Control measures :
 
·       Sewage water must not be directly pour into in any water bodies .Before pouring sewage water must be treated with lime by any other means .
 
·       In river or in any other water body urination or defections must be not being done. Polluted water should not be consumed.
 
·       Awareness campaigns for drinking boiled water should be encouraged.
 
·       Stagnant water should be removed to prevent breeding of mosquito. When water borne diseases appear it must be detected & vaccination should be done accordingly.
 
·       Factory owners should take appropriate measures to stop the discharge of waste into lake, rivers & oceans.
 
·       General awareness to the common people about health should be increased by means of seminar, symposiums etc.
 
·       Care must be given specially to children & the diseased person separately.
 
·       Biodegradable and non biodegradle should be separated and should be managed properly . Biodegradable wastes can be used to make compost and non –biodegradable should be buried at proper place far from the residential area .