All regions are likely to experience some adverse effects of climate change, but less developed regions are especially vulnerable because a large share of their economies depend on climate-sensitive sectors and their adaptive capacity is low due to low levels of human, financial and natural resources, as well as limited institutional and technological capability.¹ Experts say that, rural population that depends on natural resources and agriculture, are more exposed to climate change consequences, due to the vulnerabilities that they have already face such as poverty, low education levels, lack of investments and more isolated and harder to reach. 

An important attention should be given to small island states around the world are particularly vulnerable to sea level rise because in many cases (the Bahamas, Kiribati, the Maldives and the Marshall Islands) much of their land is less than three or four metres above present sea level.²

Climate change can contribute to emerge new infectious diseases, especially those related to warmer areas and climates, one example is malaria. It also, increases national conflicts for basic resources like food, water, energy and employment, those local tensions can spill over to neighboring countries, as people seek to find additional resources and safety. In some war and violent conflicts, environmental degeneration can emerge as a "natural' consequence and also can be applied as a strategy by one of the involved parts. In those cases what lead the local population to migrate is a conflict consequence. According to the Fragile States Index of The Fund for Peace, the Horn of Africa includes some of the most vulnerable states in the world – Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Kenya, Sudan and South Sudan. The region also exhibits some clearest indications of a connection between climate change and conflict – namely, conflicts between agricultural and pastoral communities precipitated by climate-exacerbated droughts and water variability. ³

^References:

^[1] IOM 2008 World Migration 2008, Managing Labour Mobility in the Evolving Economy, IOM, Geneva. 

[2] Climate Change and Small Island Developing States: A Critical Review http://ilankelman.org/articles1/eea2009.pdf 

[3] Climate change raises conflict concerns  https://en.unesco.org/courier/2018-2/climate-change-raises-conflict-concerns