PROBLEM OF OVER-POPULATION 

Population or simply the umber of people living in a certain geographic area has different elements to it. Human population is an essential aspect of the ecosystem and its effect on the environment has various outcomes. The world population has been ever increasing, from 2.5 billion in 1950, it has reached 7.7 Billion in 2020 and further is expected to reach 10 billion by 2050. This means, the population is expected to increase four times in a century spanning from 1950 to 2050. 

The asian continent consists of some of the highly populous countries, specially South/ South-East Asian countries. China followed by India are the worlds most populous countries. India is expected to take over China as the most populated country in a matter of years. Other countries that are highly populated in Asia include Indonesia, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Japan. However, Population may pose serious environmental threats.

As population increases, the carrying capacity of the earth reduces. One of the major effect is on food resources. The Malthusian Theory states that population grows exponentially, thus out-growing a society's resources. Countries face huge hunger crises in Asia such as India, Bangladesh, etc. It is a huge concern as food production has to keep pace with the growing production as population pressure has degraded a huge amount of arable land of more than 2 billion hectares. 

Poor sanitation, scarce and unclean water supply is another requisite of population pressure. Persistent poverty also causes environmental stress. An estimated 900 million people in Asia survive on incomes of less than US$1 per day, which makes it hard for them to access even basic sanitation facilities. Water usage in Asia has increased three times. It’s being used for consumption purposes and agricultural purposes. A lot of cities are expected to run out of water in coming years.

Another major environmental problem includes the issue of urbanisation. This has many consequences. Urbanisation has only increased sanitation problems, air pollution, loss of habitat and biodiversity, water pollution, noise pollution and land degradation. Urban areas also produces a lot of waste, creating the issue regarding solid waste management. It is mostly unplanned urbanisation that has affected Asian countries, in form of rural to urban migration. His takes place on a large scale in Asian counties in order to seek better livelihood.Rapid urbanisation will bring more than half the populations of countries like, China, Brunei, Kazakhstan, etc. are going to be urban population. 

 With Population growth bringing so many problems, it is imperative to investigate what actions do these countries take to absorb the population growth with the limited environment. Population growth poses severe pressure on the economies of these countries. 

https://oglethorpe.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Shiroya_Population-Environment.pdf