Lands located within the borders of the Sverdlovsk region make up the land Fund of the Sverdlovsk region. According to the state land statistics, the area of the Sverdlovsk region  was 19,430.7 thousand hectares, or 194,3 thousand square km. The land Fund of the Sverdlovsk region includes all 7 categories of land stipulated by the current legislation:

-          - crop lands,

-           - lands of cities, villages etc. ,

-           - land of industry, energy, transport, communications, radio  broadcasting, television, computer science, land for space activities, land of defense, security and other special purpose land;

-           - lands of specially protected territories and objects;

-           - the lands of the forest fund;

-           - lands of water fund;

-            - land funds

As you can see above from the land dividing diagram, about 4% of all land is occupied by localities that are constantly polluted with organic and inorganic substances.

Pet waste products left on lawns, improper collection of leaf litter, and household food contamination worsen soil conditions.  Soil reducing bacteria cannot process a large amount of organic matter, which leads, first, to increased reproduction of pathogenic bacteria, protozoa, worm larvae, etc.; secondly, to the accumulation of toxic inorganic compounds in the soil, and, consequently, to its degradation. 

This has an adverse impact on the life and health of all living organisms, including people: the quality of soil depends on the efficiency of photosynthesis and, consequently, the degree of air purification; undecayed waste is subject to erosion and dust rises into the air, contributing to the appearance of allergic reactions and increasing epidemiological danger (an extract from my science project).

The legislation of the Russian Federation prescribes that residents of Moscow must necessarily look after their pets, collect and dispose their waste. In Yekaterinburg, as well as in other large localities, this area of nature protection is not regulated by law, so the problem of soil pollution is relevant.

Another important factor of soil contamination is the industries located within cities. The plants themselves do not harm the soil. Contamination occurs as a result of the distribution of waste products in the surrounding area. There are special landfills and landfills where dangerous products are concentrated and, in some cases, disposed of. In such zones, the soil suffers the most, since the degree of chemical exposure is already measured in terms of increased toxicity and radioactivity. Such territories are initially calculated for the purpose of waste disposal. At the same time, the sources of chemical pollution of the soil in this case are not limited to industry alone. Household waste is also taken to landfills. For example, technical oils, chemical products, remnants of building materials, windscreen wipers and solvents, batteries and other products that make the soil unsuitable for agricultural use for many years.

Currently, there are no programs to improve the quality or clean up urban soils in the Sverdlovsk region, so the issue remains unsolved.