Biodiversity Hotspots In Indiaby Chitwan C | 29-02-2020 22:33 |
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Biodiversity Hotspots In India There are four biodiversity Hotspots in India. These Hotspots are described below: >> Eastern Himalayas: This region encompasses Bhutan, north- east India and southern, central and Eastern Nepal. It is the worlds highest and home for highest peaks as Mt Everest and K2. The Eastern Himalayan Hotspot has 163 threatened species including one horned Rhinoceroses, the wild Asian water Buffalo, and in all 45 mammals, 50 birds 17 reptiles, 12 amphibians, 3 invertebrates and 36 plant species of plants in Himalayas, of which 1/3rd are endemic five families as- Tetracentraceae, Hamamelidaceae, Circasteraceae, Butomaceae and Stachyraceae are endemic. A few threatened endemic bird species such as Himalayan quail, cheer peasant are found in these areas. Most endangered birds are the Himalayan vulture and white bellied heron. This area has over 300 species of mammals that have a dozen of endemic species. The only endemic genus is the hotspot is the Namdapha flying squirrel is critically endangered. >> The Western Ghats and Sri Lanka: The Western Ghats are a chain of Hills that run along the western edge of peninsular India. The region has high species diversity and high levels of endemism. Nearly 77% of the amphibians and 62% of reptiles species are found here. There are 6000 vascular plants Belonging to over 2500 genera in this hotspot from which 3000 are endemic. The region has 450 bird Species, 140 mammalian species, 260 reptiles, and 175 I amphibians. over sixty percent of The reptiles and amphibians are completely endemic. The vegetation was extended over 1,90,000 sq. Km. But today it has been reduced to 43,000 sq.km. >> Indo-Burma: This region encompasses many regions. It covers 2,000,000 km©÷ of tropical Asia. This region is deteriorating rapidly in past few decades. Recent times six mammal species have been discovered here- Large antlered muntjac, Annamite muntjac, Grey shanked douches, Annamite stripped rabbit, leaf deer and the Saola. This region is home for primate species as monkeys. langurs and Gibbons. There are 1300 bird species exist and include threatened species as white eared night heron, The grey crowned crocias and The orange necked Partridge. There are 13,500 plant species in these areas and over half of them are endemic. >> Sundaland: In India this region has Nicobar Islands. In 2013 the islands were declared as world biosphere rescue by the United Nations. The Island have marine biodiversity as Wales, dolphins, dugong,Turtles, crocodiles, fishes, prawns, lobsters, coral reefs and sea shells.
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