Among other sectors, water resources is the most hit from global change. And as other sectors such as Agriculture and economy depend on water resources, it is very paramount that efforts are made to sustaining the water resources sector.

Groundwater, being the major source of water for both domestic and commercial needs, and a very important part of water resources,  is currently facing serious mismanagement which has led to its depletion. The current changing pattern of rainfalls and temperature has also make the situation more severe. Groundwater depletion can be simply defined as the reduction in the quantity and quality of groundwater.  As it is the most suitable source of drinking water, it is important to realize that over pumping ground water makes it vulnerable to degradation, which leads to drying wetlands, reduction in water quality, and increasing salinization.

 The release of effluent from factories and improper waste disposal have also seriously contaminated ground water, making it unfit for drinking. Sadly, the inconsistency in precipitation and rainfall have greatly affected the sustainablity of groundwater. We experience groundwater depletion due to excessive pumping of an aquifer and this results in degradation of water quality, impacting natural wetlands, and affecting drinking water from contamination.

These problems facing groundwater can only be adressed through groundwater sustainable management. Artificially on a large scale, sustainable management of this resource is very important. The rate of groundwater recharge depends largely on precipitation because it (rainfall) is the main source for creating ground water. Hence we must work towards environmental conservation and ensuring that we do not contribute to the changing climatic condition.

Also, the rate of discharge of groundwater at regional level should be carefully investigated and monitored. This will prevent groundwater over use or balance loss.

It is also important that conscious efforts are being made to prevent groundwater contamination as a result of human activities.