DPSIR Concept

 Drivers to pressures: Socio-economic Sectors and the pressures they create through their activities.

 Pressures to state: effects of given pressure on biological and abiotic state of the ecosystem.

 State to impact: Impacts to beneficial services provided by components of ecosystem

 Impact to driver: Socio-economic sectors which benefit from ecosystem services.

 Response to drivers, Pressures or state: Decision options and factors they target.

Drivers are often defined as socio-economic sectors that fulfill human needs for food and raw materials, water, Shelter, Health, Culture and security. Other socio-economic sectors donot directly fulfill human needs, but instead support other sectors by building and maintaining the infrastructures needed for the economy to operate.

Drivers→ Pressures:

Drivers function through their activities such as land use changes discharges and contact uses which may intentionally or unintentionally exert pressures on the environment.

Pressures: Pressures are human activities that create stresses on the environment.

State: It reflects the magnitude, frequency and concentration of environment including physical variables, chemical variables, biological state, living habitat.

Impact: The action of one object coming forcibly into contact with another.

Response: Humans make decisions in response to the impacts on the ecosystem service or their perceived value. Responses are actions taken by groups or individual in society and government to prevent compensate, ameliorate or adapt to changes in the state of environment.