Biodiversity loss is the extinction of species (flora and fauna) worldwide, and also reduction or loss of species in a certain habitat and in no way it is one of the major environmental problems that our Nepal is facing.

About 5.2 percent of the world’s known mammals, 9.5 percent birds, 5.1 percent gymnosperms and 8.2 percent bryophytes are reported in Nepal. A total of 284 species of flowering plants and 160 animal species are reportedly endemic to Nepal. And it gives a spectacular picture and this is a rare sight that can't be seen in other countries. For example, Yarshaghumba (Cordyceps sinensis) and the one-horned rhinos are the most valuable flora and fauna found in Nepal.

 But, at the same time they have been disappearing day by day due to many negligence towards them. It is believed that about 9 species of birds, 11 species of mammals and 7 species of medicinal herbs are already vanished from our country in just 26 years. With their habitat taken down in the name of deforestation and urbanization, species like musk deer, Asiatic elephants, Gaur, snow leopard, etc. are on the verge of extinction. As per the data of the National Conservation status of Nepal’s fauna (March 2016), out of 878 bird species recorded in Nepal, 167 are facing the threat of extinction. About 27 mammals, 9 birds and 3 reptiles are categorized as an engendered in Nepal. According to the Nepal's biodiversity data 2007 our country is losing most of the magnificent species rapidly. Due to illegal trade many of the medicinal herbs like Swertia chiraita , A. conitum , Nardostachys jatamasi, Ramvolfia serpentine ,Cordyceps sinensis etc. are getting loss gradually forever.

Habitat destruction is a major cause of biodiversity loss. Habitat loss is caused by deforestation, overpopulation, pollution and global warming. Biodiversity loss has a negative impact on our societies; it negatively affects or contributes to the health of individuals, the climate, nature, natural resource, pollution, poverty and the extinction of species. Thus its loss contributes to global climate change through the loss of carbon capacity. So, it is fatal to our societies and there are many strategies that can be taken to solve the problems. Realizing the importance of bio-diversified species, we must protect them. For their protection, the government has to play a leading role in their protection, conservation, and preservation.So, there must be strict rules and laws regarding it. And penalty should be charged if anyone doesn’t follow the rules. Everyone should encourage to participate in conservation activities of wild plants and animals. People should hold program and campaigns to make others aware of the importance of the rich flora and fauna. Education has to be provided to all people of the rural areas so they will learn to respect and protect the precious things which are near to them.

Photo Source: Sagar Giri's ( i clicked for Conservation) Twitter.