In 2016, the Paris Agreement to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (Paris Agreement) entered into the force. The Paris Agreement is the receiver of the Kyoto Protocol; it is a transition from planning formulations of future actions to actions to implement mechanisms to maintain a sustainable climate in the future.

In the Kyoto Protocol, the concept of sustainable development is reflected in Art. 2.1 “to promote sustainable development”, art. 10 “Continuing to promote the implementation of these commitments to achieve sustainable development,” Art. 12 "The goal of the clean development mechanism is to [...] ensure sustainable development."

These articles do not related to the problems of climate change, nor about the implementation of sustainable development, but only indicate that actions related to combating climate change will not contradict the development of states.

If in the Kyoto Protocol the concept of “sustainable development” is mentioned only three times, then in the Paris Agreement this concept has already been used twenty-two times, for example, six times in a different context in Art. 6. The document also contains a mechanism to help mitigate and support sustainable development (paragraphs 6.4–6.7). These paragraphs refer to the establishment of a mechanism for achieving results in the field of climate change mitigation and support for sustainable development, which operates under the guidance of the Conference of the Parties. It provides mitigation results, which can then be used to fulfill the nationally determined contributions of other Parties to the Paris Agreement.

Also in paragraph 109 of the document on the adoption of the agreement, the conference of the parties “recognizes voluntary actions [...] for sustainable development” is indicated, and in the preamble of the Paris Agreement there is a link between combating climate change and “equitable access to sustainable development and poverty eradication. ”

Along with the Millennium Development Goals, these documents are important steps to restore the balance between humanity and nature, the transition to the definition of the global imperatives of sustainable peace. This means that “what” is already known, and now we need to work on “how”. So far, there has been much less controversy about how to achieve these goals. It can now be observed that, seventeen years after the signing of the Kyoto Protocol, the perception and necessity of understanding the concept of “sustainable development” has changed dramatically.

Seventeen years after the Kyoto Agreement, the Paris Agreement shows the evolution of how sustainable development is perceived. Today it is the mechanism by which the development of the whole world is ensured. While in Kyoto, negotiators were concerned about the costs of climate action, in Paris, negotiators turned to using the potential of sustainable development as a lever to increase ambitions. This evolution has its roots inside and outside the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change process.

Key factors such as abandoning the clean development mechanism, understanding sustainable development within the framework of the concept of human rights, and the realization that only joint actions, including open financial sources, will benefit all parties implementing sustainable development. An already unprecedented result in the consultation processes and the subsequent adoption of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development is such evidence.

The following sources were used in writing the article:

http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/2015/cop21/rus/l09r.pdf

http://www.un.org/ru/documents/decl_conv/conventions/kyoto.shtml