Since the previous century, space exploration and the space industry have developed numerous technological innovations that have brought numerous advancements and benefits to humanity, from satellite communication and weather forecasting to scientific discoveries about the origin of the solar system and the universe. However, along with these benefits comes the issue of space pollution, which poses a significant threat to various aspects of space activities, including astronomy. This report examines how space pollution interferes with astronomy and explores potential solutions to mitigate this problem.

The space industry has revolutionized our lives in many ways. Satellites enable global communication, navigation systems, and Earth observation for weather monitoring and disaster management. Space telescopes, such as the Hubble Space Telescope, have provided unprecedented views of the universe, contributing to our understanding of cosmology and astrophysics. The space industry also fuels scientific research around the world and technological advancements in that field, stimulating innovation and economic growth.

However, the space industry has its disadvantages, and space pollution is a critical concern. Space debris, including defunct satellites and fragments from collisions, poses a significant threat to astronomy. These debris objects can reflect sunlight and interfere with astronomical observations, leading to light pollution and reduced image quality. They can block or distort the view of celestial objects, impacting research and discoveries. The presence of space debris also increases the risk of collisions with operational satellites and space telescopes, potentially causing irreparable damage.

To address the issue of space pollution and its interference with astronomy, several solutions are being explored. One approach is the development of active debris removal technologies, such as nets, harpoons, or robotic arms, to capture and deorbit large debris objects. Satellite operators can also adopt responsible practices, including satellite deorbiting and end-of-life disposal measures, to minimize the creation of new debris. International cooperation is crucial in establishing guidelines and regulations for space debris mitigation. Improved tracking and monitoring systems can enhance situational awareness and enable better collision avoidance.

Space pollution poses a significant challenge to astronomy, hindering scientific progress and observations of the cosmos. As the space industry continues to grow, it is imperative to address this issue effectively. By implementing active debris removal technologies, promoting responsible satellite disposal practices, and fostering international collaboration, we can mitigate space pollution and preserve the integrity of astronomical observations. It is vital to strike a balance between the benefits of space activities and the preservation of our celestial environment. Through concerted efforts, we can ensure a sustainable and prosperous future for both the space industry and astronomy.