Chernozem is rich fertile soil, which can be called the pride of Russia, its national heritage.
The brightest evidence of this is the huge monolith of Voronezh Chernozem brought to Paris in 1889 to the world exhibition in the collection of Russian soils.
Imagination of visitors was struck by the monolith of Chernozem taken in the territory which is now a component of Paninsky district of the Voronezh region. It was a huge cube, each face of which was equal to the fathom. Eight and a half cubic meters-just imagine!
The founder of soil science V. V. Dokuchaev sent a collection of soils at the request of the international Committee of the Paris exhibition. Department of Russian soils was awarded a gold medal, Dokuchaev was awarded the order of merit for agriculture.
Dokuchaev to characterize these fertile soils are found these words: "the black earth... for Russia is more expensive than any oil, no coal, more expensive than gold and iron ores; it is the eternal inexhaustible Russian wealth!»
Sometimes I have read that the standard black earth, together with the standard meter stored in Paris, in the chamber of weights and measures. In fact, the soil monolith after the exhibition by lot received the Sorbonne (although it was an idea to cut the "cube" and give it to various scientific and Museum institutions in France). At the Sorbonne the monolith and died in 1968, when students fought with the police. The wreckage of the cube saved, the biggest piece has a size of 60×40×25-30 cm are the remains of the monolith now in the National agronomic Institute of France.
Chernozem soil in the world occupies a small part of the land area,and in the southern hemisphere there is no Chernozem. Of the world's black soil reserves, Russia owns 52%, if you count on productivity or 48% of the area.
About the magnificent properties of black earth is mentioned in the ancient Chronicles of the V-VI century: "black earth - the best nurse of the people, because she is not afraid of any cold, no winds and showers, no drought."
Heard expression: "stick you stick-will grow?"Now, it's said just about the black earth soils.
Natural perfection of Chernozem is not able to replace any mineral and organic fertilizers. After all, Chernozem is formed in nature for several thousand years, in a warm and humid climate. It is impossible to create black soil artificially, as its formation is influenced by hundreds of natural factors (geological, climatic, biological, etc.).)
Chernozem soils are characterized by a rich content of humus (especially-in the upper layers), nutrients, granular or lump structure, high (up to 70%) calcium content, a huge number of beneficial microorganisms for plants and excellent water-air qualities. In Chernozem there are useful humic acids (a mixture of organic compounds), which are the most valuable fraction of humus, easily digested by plant roots.
Picking up the black soil and lightly squeezing it, you will see on the palms of a fat black imprint. This is the first sign of the fertility of the land with a high content of humus. Black earth is not "baked" by the sun and moisture, such as clayey soil is not as porous as sand. However, the root system of plants feels in soils rich in humus, more than comfortable and in abundance provided with oxygen and nutrients.
Chernozem deservedly called the standard of soil, as it mainly consists of humus (humus), which is formed naturally by rotting plant and animal remains. Depending on the territorial occurrence of fertile soils, their composition varies markedly. Chernozem is typical, leached, fused, carbonate-free, etc., but any of its species is characterized by the highest fertility.
However, Chernozem is famous not only for its phenomenal fertility, no less important advantage of Chernozem – its stability as a soil ecosystem. Chernozem in favorable conditions and with proper use for decades withstands monoculture without visible signs of exhaustion; recultivated relatively quickly and inexpensively. Other types of highly productive soils require rather complex and expensive agricultural machinery to maintain fertility, irrigation/reclamation and/or long-term recovery from depletion or improper use are depleted irrevocably.

Source: https://7dach.ru/Alensel/prirodnoe-sovershenstvo-chernozema-2729.html

Source: https://shkolazhizni.ru/culture/articles/16898/