Nowdays, there are big incidents involving elephant and human. They are Human-Elephant Conflict (HEC) that every year, those conflicts always ensue in the boundary areas between forest and human refuges. Human-Elephant conflicts increase every year because of some mistakes of irresponsible human beings who disturb elephant life. Those reason are illegal logging and deforestration who have been damaged their ecosystems the hunters willing to grab white-tusk ivory and no government endeavor for their conservations as well as other reason that can occour suddenly beyond the previous reasons. In Indonesia it self, we know Indonesia was reported as the hot spot country. In other hand, my country was been recorded and awarded by World Guiness Record as the highest degradated forest land every year. Directly and indirectly, the above leads to habitat loss of elephants. it is could be expected that the main reason why the human-elephant conflicts always occur. It is emphasized by International Elephant Care stating ?habitat loss and degradation inevitably lead to conflict?[1] so that It refers to deforestration as conflict source. Not only it occurs in Indonesia, but also it happens in other countries. For instance it always occurs in Kenya, Bangladesh, Tanzania, Gambia, Zimbabwe, Botswana and so forth. The main source of conflict is similar to previous reason. HEC is classified into 2 general conflicts which are humans killed by elephant and Elephants killed by human. According to data [2], humans killed by elephant are caused by no protected area for elephants or habitat loss because of the worse humans attitudes whereas elephants killed by human are brought about they damage the food source of human and the refuges of human. And until now, a thousand humans and elephants were died in this incident so that needed best practices quickly to overcome it. So, HEC ensues as a result of humans towards elephants, and it is like the big war between humans and elephants. The above explanations, perhaps encourage me to inquire readers a question, eventhough, it is a rhetorical question: Which one do you fault, elephant or human? References: [1] http://www.elephantcare.org/humanele.htm [2] Bist, S.S. An Overview of Elephant Conservation in India, The Indian Forester Vol. 128, 2002 p127 Written by: Achmad Solikhin Indonesian Greenaction Forum www.i-gaf.org