The concept of "Green buildings" has gained significant attention worldwide as concerns about climate change, resource depletion, and environmental sustainability have grown. Green buildings are designed to minimize their impact on the environment through energy-efficient practices, use of sustainable materials, and incorporation of renewable energy sources. This report aims to provide an overview of global developments in the field of green buildings and specifically discuss the progress made in Azerbaijan. It will explore the benefits, trends, and challenges associated with green buildings, as well as highlight notable initiatives and advancements in both the global and Azerbaijani context.

Governments and organizations worldwide are acknowledging the urgent need for sustainable development and are promoting green building practices through legislation, incentives, and certifications. International frameworks, such as the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) program, Green Star in Australia, and BREEAM in the United Kingdom, guide the construction and operation of green buildings, providing benchmarks and certifications.

Energy Efficiency: Green buildings employ energy-efficient design, reducing energy consumption and associated costs. Environmental Protection: Sustainable building materials, water conservation methods, and waste management practices minimize environmental impact. Improved Health and Well-being: Green buildings prioritize indoor air quality, natural lighting, and thermal comfort, contributing to occupant health and productivity.

Smart Building Solutions: Integration of intelligent systems for energy management, automation, and data analytics enhances efficiency and optimizes resource consumption. Renewable Energy Integration: Green buildings increasingly incorporate renewable energy generation systems like solar panels, wind turbines, and geothermal systems.

 Developments in Azerbaijan

 **Government Initiatives**

 Azerbaijan has recognized the importance of green buildings and is developing policies to promote sustainable construction practices.The State Program on Sustainable Development (2020-2030) emphasizes the importance of energy efficiency and sustainable buildings, including the promotion of green building materials. The State Agency on Alternative and Renewable Energy Sources has been actively working towards adopting green building standards in the country.

Azerbaijan has witnessed an increased interest in obtaining green building certifications, with several projects aiming for LEED, BREEAM, and other international certifications.

The Flame Towers, a prominent project in Baku, is one of the first buildings in Azerbaijan to achieve LEED certification, demonstrating the country's commitment to sustainable construction.

Azerbaijan possesses rich renewable energy resources, including solar, wind, and geothermal energy, which can be harnessed for green building projects. Solar panels and solar water heaters are increasingly being installed in buildings, contributing to reduced energy consumption and reliance on fossil fuels.

- A lack of awareness and understanding of green building concepts and benefits remains a challenge in Azerbaijan. Increasing public awareness and providing education about sustainable building practices is crucial.

   - The perceived higher initial costs of green building construction can deter developers. However, long-term savings through reduced operating costs and potential financial incentives can offset these initial expenses.

   - Developing local expertise in green building design, construction, and operation is essential for sustainable development in Azerbaijan. Training programs, workshops, and collaborations can help build this capacity.

- Exploring innovative solutions, such as building-integrated renewable energy systems, energy-efficient technologies, and recycled materials, can further advance the field of green buildings in Azerbaijan. The global interest in green buildings continues to grow, driven by a growing realization of the need for sustainable development. Azerbaijan has also recognized the importance of green buildings and is making efforts to adopt sustainable construction practices. Government initiatives, green building certifications, and integration of renewable energy sources showcase positive developments in Azerbaijan's green building sector. Overcoming challenges through awareness campaigns, cost-effectiveness, capacity building, and embracing innovative approaches will pave the way for a greener built environment in Azerbaijan. As the country progresses towards its sustainability goals, the adoption of green building practices can contribute not only to environmental preservation but also to economic prosperity, improved health, and enhanced quality of life for its citizens.