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Feacal Waste,Sanitation and Health |
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Following the call for application for 2015 Global Youth Eco-Leadership Summit to be held in Seoul, Korea next year I have been thinking about water issues that affect my country Kenya. One thing that crossed my mind was the challenges associated with water, sanitation and health as a result of high urbanization rate experienced in major parts of the country due to population increase. WHO report indicates that 2.4 billion people worldwide do not have access to basic sanitation: they lack safe means of disposal of excreta and waste water. Like many other cities across Africa, Asia and Latin America, onsite technologies like pit latrines, unsewered public ablution blocks, septic tanks, aqua privies and dry toilet have much wider coverage than sewer systems .These non-sewered systems generate a mix of solid and liquid wastes generally termed as “fecal sludge.” In most part of the urban Nairobi residential areas, it’s common to see a waste collection and transport trucks commonly known as “exhauster” coming in and leaving .Households pay for professional emptying services, however only about 40% of the fecal sludge collected ends up in waste collection treatment facilities. Lack of proper fecal sludge management normally results to significant negative public health and environment when this fecal waste is allowed to accumulate in poorly designed pit latrines ,some of the untreated waste ends up discharged into nearby streams, rivers and lakes thus a health hazard . Did you know that Diarrhea is the second leading cause of child death in the world today? It’s actually the top cause of child mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. Most waterborne feacal -oral diseases like diarrhea and typhoid are caused by poor sanitation, hygiene, or dirty drinking water contaminated with fecal sludge. From literature review the topic on water and sanitation is really big, but it generally involves: 1. safe collection, storage ,treatment and disposal/re-use/recycling of human excreta (feaces and urine) 2. drainage and disposal/re-use/recycling of household wastewater (often referred to as sullage or 3. grey water) 4. treatment and disposal/re-use/recycling of sewage effluents 5. collection and management of industrial waste products and hazardous wastes (including hospital wastes, and chemical/ radioactive and other dangerous substances).
Fecal sludge management is therefore essential to the future of global sanitation. Overcoming these problems requires a system approach that addresses every step of the entire value chain and integrates technology, management and planning .Onsite technologies can be viable option but only made possible by increasing the effectiveness and efficiency in storage, collection, transport, treatment and safe end use or disposal of fecal sludge. |
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17 Comments
Excellent info...
Posted 27-11-2014 01:25
Thank you for sharing, Samuel Muoria!
Posted 27-11-2014 00:24
@Arushi Well said, :)
Posted 20-11-2014 14:10
Thanks for explaining and sharing the issue so nicely, Samuel. It is indeed a matter of concern for most of the under developed or developing countries. Apart from what you have mentioned as areas to be addressed , I would say even the residents needs to be educated or made aware of harmful effects of Open defecation. Priority should be given to build toilets . Laws should be made stringent and those defecating in open should be penalised. Recycling centres , biogas plants should be planned. All the stakeholders especially govt bodies need to devise a plan , take it as a project and in , say , 1 year's time aim to improve the situation. This kind of pathetic waste management is not only dangerous for public health but also spoils the aesthetics of region.
Posted 19-11-2014 13:52
It is the common issue world wide.but still we are lacking proper management. Untill the proper management of waste and other disposable materials cannot be achieved, we cannot think for sustainability of environment !!!! Thanks for sharing..
Posted 19-11-2014 13:48
This si a very great point of view
Posted 19-11-2014 05:33
Sanitation is a big problem in most of the developing countries. In my country, Bolivia rural areas are the most affected, however, the implementation of techniques without consulting people needs have failed.
Posted 18-11-2014 12:55
very nice dear
Posted 18-11-2014 04:51
Hello Samuel, as you have mentioned, I agree the consequences of poor sanitation need to be addressed with systemic approach. Fecal sludge should be properly disposed/reused, drainage system should be reliable and management should be effective. Solutions should be searched in society for society :) and we youths can do that
Posted 17-11-2014 22:53
nice article
Posted 17-11-2014 22:45
Yes, the management of waste is closely related with the water issues as well. The solutions you have mentioned are great. Thanks for sharing.
Posted 17-11-2014 18:42
Waste water management & sanitation is a common worldwide issue.
You have highlighted a valid issue. It turns out to be good for watering landscapes & manure.
Nothing is waste till it is wasted. Thanks for the post, Samuel
Posted 17-11-2014 16:28
very informative and well written
Posted 17-11-2014 16:07
nice to read your post
Posted 17-11-2014 16:07
Thank you so much for this very informative and idealistic approached report of yours Samuel. I like the idea and how you put some research on this cause of water problems-pollution. I will take note of these ways. Nice report!
Posted 17-11-2014 14:25
What you listed are the problems of almost developing countries, including Indonesia. We do hope the better anitation and water management system as well as waste management system for a better future
Posted 17-11-2014 14:08
hello Samuel! thanks for the report. I would see the only solution to this is advocating for proper drainage systems and looking at the picture perhaps convenient garbage disposal bins are a prerequisite follow by good practice.
Posted 17-11-2014 05:18