"Algeria remains a very vulnerable region to climate change and natural disasters. Expect the accentuation of these weather events, which will be increasingly violent and dangerous "it is expected a reduction of around 20% in terms of precipitation in the coming years." Among the potential impacts in Algeria, citing the violent phenomena (cyclogenesis, heatwaves, sand storms), impacts on water resources, agricultural production and health. there will be less rainfall seasons and higher temperatures of the order of 1 ?to 1.5 ?by 2020 ".

Algeria is called upon to adopt immediate measures for water management, since it is not immune to the risks of climate change. "Climate change is, for Algeria, a major risk if adaptation measures are not taken now."

Recommendations taken into account by the Algerian government that established by decision of the Prime Minister Abdelmalek Sellal at the Special Meeting of the Interdepartmental Council, held July 7 ongoing and dedicated to climate change, the "National Climate Committee" chaired by abdelouahab Nouri, Minister of Water Resources and Environment. During the installation ceremony the Minister of Water Resources and Environment Abdelouahab Nouri, explained that the objective of this committee, composed of representatives of ministries, respectively, Foreign Affairs, Interior and Communities local, Energy, Industry and Mining, Agriculture and Rural Development, National Education, Higher Education and Scientific Research and the representative of the National Economic and Social Council (CNES) is to ensure the coordination, monitoring and evaluation of policies, programs and national action plans on climate change. A strategy unveiled at the national meeting of consultation on climate change under the theme "Climate Change: Implications and Challenges".

A first of its kind

The meeting, first of its kind, bringing together representatives of civil society, economic actors, local authorities, experts and specialists of climate change is part of the ongoing process for the management of issue of the fight against climate change and to ensure coordination and integration of the approach to the construction of evolution scenarios of emissions of greenhouse gases in the different cases and aims, according to the minister, to define " the national contribution declining its strategy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions before September 15, 2015, "in view of participating in the 21st Conference of Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change in Paris in December. "It is expected, according to the Minister, that the international community reach a binding climate agreement for all parties to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases and limit the negative consequences of global warming on the natural equilibrium . "He added that" it belongs to all the industrialized countries and in particular to make arrangements and urgent action to limit the global warming. " On this occasion, "Abdelouahab Nouri, Minister of Water Resources and Environment, said that" Algeria's contribution to the World Conference of Paris on Climate Change (COP21) will decline the strategy of Algeria reduction greenhouse gases, while preserving the interests of the country and its legitimate right to sustainable development. " Stressing that Algeria has an "important" role to play in this process of reducing emissions of greenhouse gases, Abdelouahab Nouri specify that "Algeria's national efforts have been bolstered by its dynamism internationally on this issue, given its deep African and the crossing of its interests with those of developing countries, least developed countries and those of the group of 77 "adding that in this sense" Algeria has spared no effort to defend its legitimate right to development and the consistency of its positions concerning the principle of common but differentiated responsibility. The duty of industrialized countries to significantly contribute to international efforts to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases have earned him the respect of his peers in all negotiating forums on climate change. " Inviting all stakeholders that are the institutions, socio-professional organizations, civil society and experts to participate in the debate on the national contribution in order to reach Paris agreement that safeguards the interests of our country, the minister said as such, "the national contribution will be given to the United Nations before 15 September, after validation of the National Climate Committee and adoption of the Government Council." Concerning the participation of Algeria said 21st World Climate Conference in Paris, Abdelouahab Nouri said he was "optimistic" about an "effective" participation in the meeting, especially that Algeria is among the countries which advocating for the reduction of greenhouse gases. However, he will say that Algeria "has not waited for the Paris Conference to react." He also called on industrial nations to transfer their expertise to better address the problem. For his part, the Minister of Energy, Khebri Salah stressed that the environmental aspect is placed at the center of strategies plotted. "Algeria has taken several years measures capable of rationalizing energy consumption to reduce greenhouse gas emissions," he noted, adding that Algeria's energy policy enshrines use of renewable resources, energy efficiency and sustainable development. He said that before the launch of each project, an environmental impact assessment is carried out. If Bouchouareb Abdessalem, Minister of Industry and Mines, acknowledged that the industrial sector is considered as the fifth source of emissions of greenhouse gases, and 70% of emissions are recorded in cement, it has, however, indicated that 10 cement plants are equipped with new generation filters and several companies have been certified to ISO standards. Therefore, there is need to demonstrate coordination between countries in planning, financial mobilization and operational implementation of actions to fight against this phenomenon.

Indeed, like other countries, Algeria has to make its contribution in the development of universal agreement on climate change that will result from the 21st Conference of the Parties of the Framework UN Convention on climate change (COP) to be held in Paris from 30 November to 11 December 2015. An appointment "historic" especially as it meets for the first 46,000 participants and 3,000 journalists. objective: To minimize the emission of greenhouse gases.

The challenges of COP 21

Also known as the Climate Conference in Paris, al COP21 will consider obtaining for the first time in over 20 years of UN negotiations, a legally binding global climate agreement, aimed at maintaining global warming below 2 ?C. The stakes are high: it is to succeed, for the first time, a universal and binding agreement to fight effectively against climate change and boost / speed up the transition to societies and economies resilient and low carbon. For this, the future agreement should address in a balanced way, mitigation - that is to say down efforts of gas emissions greenhouse to contain global warming to 2 ?C - and the adaptation of companies to existing climatic disturbances. These efforts should take into account the needs and capacities of each country. The issue of COP-21 is to get all parties to agree to find a successor instrument to the Kyoto Protocol, which does not ratified the United States of America, as of other countries have withdrawn. Finally, the agreement to come into force from 2020 and will be durable to enable a long-term transformation. Another key objective in Paris: mobilizing $ 100 billion per year by developed countries, public and private sources, from 2020. This commitment, made at the climate conference in Copenhagen in 2009, should enable to developing countries to fight against climate change while promoting sustainable and just development. Part of this funding will flow through the Green Climate Fund.

A vulnerable country to climate change

Because of the vulnerability of Algeria vis-à-vis climate change, given its geographical position in the Southern Mediterranean and northern Africa, which exposes it to the adverse effects of climate change such as flooding , drought and desertification, rising sea level, not forgetting the important economic and financial invoice and the human and material losses caused by this phenomenon, Algeria opted for a less polluting energy model and less emitter of greenhouse gases, compared to other countries, especially the industrialized countries and oil producers, said the Minister of Water Resources and Environment. Recalling the damage caused by the Bab El Oued floods in November 2001 that killed 715 people, 115 missing and thousands affected, extreme weather events experienced by other cities, such as Ghardaia, El Bayadh, El Tarf ... and all this in a relatively short time, the Minister will say "you are not aware that most of the area of the country is desert, and many other parts of the country are threatened by drought and desertification, causing significant losses to the populations of the highlands and pre-Saharan and Saharan regions, "adding that the irrational use of natural resources like soil, water and energy, further complicates the situation until undermine livelihoods in these regions where a decline in agricultural productivity is recorded, threatening our food security. In addition, the government representative said that climate change was "an eminently cross-cutting issue that requires more coordination between sectors." "We have no doubt that the effects of climate change will inevitably get worse if this phenomenon is not supported with determination, rigor and speed befitting a sensitive subject" has, moreover, warned the minister, who fears that "civil wars" can be triggered because of the phenomenon. " To this end, he said that Algeria table on increasing the use of clean energy to 30% in 2030.

A Key Partner

The United Nations recently published a discussion paper which should engage the negotiation of future global agreement to fight against global warming to be concluded by the parties and 196 countries in Paris in December. The document is made by the co-chairs of the debates, the Algerian Ahmed Djoghlaf, ambassador and adviser to the Foreign Ministry and negotiator for the South and the American Daniel Reifsnyder, for the North. Moreover, in his intervention at the national meeting of consultation on climate change, the Ambassador of France in Algeria, Bernard Emie, stressed "that Algeria is a key partner in this effort and that it will contribute decisive, both at national level and through its diplomatic influence. "adding that France can" count on the mobilization of the Algerian authorities to make the Paris conference a success and achieve an ambitious agreement. "Indeed, the historical role of Algeria is also embodied by Ahmed Djoghlaf, energetic co-President and initiated negotiations of the Paris agreement. The diplomat will assert in his speech that the contribution of innovative and Algeria will be based on a consensus approach with its partners, unlike other contributions are decided unilaterally. "When his temporary contribution becomes final in 2020, Algeria intends to sit down with its partners (IMF, Green climate fund, states, etc.) to discuss strategic agreements on their contribution in its projects for the period 2020- 2030 ", he said. Thus, a group of "friends of Algeria" will be created for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and the fight against climate change. According to Ahmed Djoghlaf, "Algeria is making considerable efforts to prepare for the entry into force in 2020 of universal agreement that should crown the Paris conference to be held from November 30 to December 11, 2015" stressing that the Paris agreement will be the first legally binding agreement to fight against climate change and accelerate the transition to corporate and resilient and low carbon economies.

A future world leader in renewable energy

Algeria has the means of its ambitions in the field of renewable energy, a 'legitimate' ambition to rise to the status of "African leader, even global" in the matter, said, at the first session of the preparatory informal ministerial consultations to COP21 on political issues and the overall balance of the Agreement, held in Paris, Ramtane Lamamra, Minister of State, Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation. Indeed, the Algerian government had adopted a few months ago, a renewable energy development program in an updated version which provides, among others, to produce 22,000 MW over the period 2015-2030 with a share of almost 27% And in the production is the most normal of the world that the goal of Algeria is more ambitious. Largest country in Africa, the Arab World and the Mediterranean and featuring a solar deposits of the largest in the world, estimated at more than 5 billion GW / year, "" Algeria is therefore legitimate ambition of be ultimately an African leader, even global, renewable energy, "said the chief of the Algerian diplomacy. And to do that, "Algeria is working to promote long-term programmatic and strategic agreements with partners in both North and South, both bilateral and multilateral," argued Ramtane Lamamra, stating that "the annual average sunshine of the entire territory is estimated annually to more than 2500 hours and 3600 hours would exceed in the Highlands, "adding that" in addition to its 200 spas, Algeria, the tenth largest country in the world , has considerable geothermal reservoir formed by the Albian layer which covers over 700,000 km2. " "As we all know, geothermal energy is undoubtedly the cleanest source of energy and the least expensive," he noted. In this vein, the Minister of State of Foreign Affairs and Minister of International Cooperation announced that "our will is to establish, as soon next year if possible, an African Forum for Renewable Energy as platform bringing together African policymakers with their partners and leaders CEOs of public and private companies. "