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Process of Soil Formation |
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by Deepak Subedi | 23-12-2018 13:54
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Process of Soil Formation
Materials are added to the soil such as organic matter and decomposing materials or new mineral materials deposited by the forces of ice, water or wind and they accumulate over time. This happens in the top layer of the soil. In poorly drained soils, the organic materials accumulate since water-logging prevents it from being oxidized or broken down by soil organisms. In well drained soils, the materials accumulate when they are held up by the root systems. Depositions by the forces of wind, water or ice equally contribute to the accumulation of new materials. Some plants with the help of bacteria fix atmospheric nitrogen and ammonia compounds into the soil as nitrates.
Through the movement of water, wind, ice or the uptake of the accumulated materials by plants, the new particles including clay, organic matter, clay, silt or other chemical compounds are leached and eroded away or taken up from the soil by plants. As a result, the physical and chemical compositions of the new accumulated materials together with the soil parent material are altered. A prime example is the leaching out of some carbonates, magnesium and other minerals.
Here the soil particles held in the suspension after the leaching such as clay are transformed after which they accumulate. Transformation is the chemical weathering of silt, sand, and the formation of clay minerals as well as the change of organic materials into decay resistant organic matter. After, the clay and other accumulated materials are washed from the upper horizons and deposited in the lower horizons. The plants and animals are also responsible for transformation of the soil by physically and chemically breaking down the materials. The soil begins to take shape on its own through transformation, which improves natural drainage and nutrient composition.
Podsolisation takes place when strong acidic solutions breakdown the clay minerals. Accordingly, aluminum, silica and iron form complex materials together with organic compounds in the soil. These materials and the other accumulations are translocated within the profile and/or between the horizons. After a relatively extended time, the movements of the accumulated mineral precipitate such as iron oxides minerals are responsible for the reddish and brownish color of the different soil horizons. The same applies to the alterations in structure, texture, and other mineral compositions. The soil horizons are then cemented by the carbonate, iron, and silica minerals. For instance, sandy soils are normally cemented by iron. Here, the soil drainage and air space will depend on the resultant soil type and the compaction and cementation process. Sources https://www.eartheclipse.com/environment/process-and-factors-of-soil-formation.html http://www.soilmanagementindia.com/soil-formation/soil-formation-factors-and-process/1483 |
 
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11 Comments
Greetings Deepak
I hope you are doing well!
Thank you so much for this report!
Keep writing
Green cheers
Regards
Hema
Posted 22-03-2020 11:04
Greetings deepak
I hope you are doing well
Thank you so much for this report.
I hope to read more from you.
Keep up with great works
Green cheers
Regards
Basanta
Posted 16-03-2020 04:09
Thank You for your comments @ Mentors and Nikolay
Happy New Year
Posted 01-01-2019 15:26
Hello Deepak
The report is very well structured and right to the point which makes it approachable to anyone!
Learned a lot about how the soil formation process proceeds and what factor affects it.
Hope you've spent a pleasant holiday!
Thanks for the report :)
Posted 27-12-2018 23:46
Hello Deepak, I just saw the report and short news article in my country related with soil formation and its inner-capability to deal with polluted water or garbage thrown out to land randomly a few days ago.
As you just said in your additional feedback down here, soil formation itself also gets affected by weathering of rocks and it does affect things inside soil or materials above soil. Not just because of polluted materials in garbage thrown out by human beings, what's important for us is to think about some additional effect or element that make soil change its characteristics such as its formation.
Thanks for providing such a precise report to us!
Posted 27-12-2018 22:21
Namaste Deepak! I don't know what to add to the rest of the comments. In my opinion, this is a very well-structured, scientific, concise and intelligible explanation of the process of soil formation.
I am not an expert in this field, and therefore learned a lot. Thank you, friend!
Merry Christmas!
Posted 24-12-2018 22:00
Hello Rosa
Merry Christmas
Hope you are enjoying your days
Thank you for your comments.
Posted 24-12-2018 21:29
Hello Kushal Bhai,
I Tried to search and write how much i can, as a agriculture students you know more about soils, i will try to write with full information in upcoming days,
Thank you for suggestions and feedback
.
Posted 24-12-2018 21:28
Hi Deepak!
Festive Greetings!
Soil holds such a complex processing and assemblage system that it makes you realise that it is interlinked with other spheres.
Water and wind are the most effective agents when it comes to soil formation. Because water makes sure that host rocks erode into secondary minerals what are the basis of soil.
Wind is essential for the transportation of soil. A very natural entity for soil.
Thank you for your report update Deepak!
Yours sincerely
R.
Posted 23-12-2018 23:21
Hi Deepak!
Festive Greetings!
Soil holds such a complex processing and assemblage system that it makes you realise that it is interlinked with other spheres.
Water and wind are the most effective agents when it comes to soil formation. Because water makes sure that host rocks erode into secondary minerals what are the basis of soil.
Wind is essential for the transportation of soil. A very natural é tity for soil.
Thank you for your report update Deepak!
Yours sincerely
R.
Posted 23-12-2018 23:19
Soil formation occurs due to the weathering of the rocks. There are different types of weathering and several factors influencing it.
The types of weathering are:
a. Physical Weathering
b. Biological Weathering
c. Chemical Weathering
I think these should also included when we talk about soil formation.
Thank for your beautiful report brother.
Posted 23-12-2018 15:34