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Phytoremediation of Heavy Metal(HM) from Contaminated Soils |
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by DIBYA BHATTA | 19-04-2022 20:44
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Naturally soil has metals in the parent materials and are activated by anthropogenic activity like mining ,smelting, electroplating, energy and petroleum production, power transmission, sludge removal, military operations and eco-unfriendly method to meet the global demand of food such as application of heavy metal containing fertilizers and end up contaminating agrarian soil and environment.Heavy metals (cadmium, mercury, arsenic, lead, and chromium) in concentration higher than the minimum threshold can trigger the negative impacts on the soil flora, fauna, and the health of human.Even the lower concentration exposure of heavy metal can cause endocrine disruptions, neurological disorders and can be genotoxic, teratogenic and carcinogenic. So it’s a foremost need to eradicate them from contaminated sites for safety of biological beings.
235 million hectare of arable land is affected by global pandemic of heavy metal contamination.Human exposure of heavy metal through consumption of food and vegetables from contaminated sites leads to long term health hazards.HM pollution can be coped up with recently developed low cost sustainable solution called as phytoremediation which is a green approach in which plant and associated microbes remediate HM-contaminated sites and safeguard the environment and protect the public health. It is far better than conventional clean-up method that require high capital investment and labour and also alter the soil properties and disturb the soil microflora.Contrasted to many alternatives, phytoremediation has demonstrated itself as hopeful, economical, aesthetical, eco-friendly and publicly accepted choice.For beginning and prosperity of any civilization, land and water are the most crucial pillars but unfortunately, today heavy metal wastes are threat due to the long term persistence in the land and soil.These metals also have negative impacts on the functioning of the plant like decreased photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and decreased water content in leaves and exposure of heavy metal in soil for long run can adversely affect the microbial diversity and activity in the soil.Phytoremediation method can vary based on flora and fauna associated in the process. Remediation by plants or phytoextraction, phytovolatilization, Phyto stabilisation, Phyto transformation and rhizofiltration are common practices these days.In todays world where pesticides rule the farming system,heavy metal enter in to the food chain from there but biological approaches ,though they are sluggish and time consuming can be employed to cleanse the soil in long run.There are also increasing concerns of environments because of lack of technology to handle the hyperccumulator plants that are used in the process of remediation because those have high concentration of heavy metal and can act as threat to the living system. |
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3 Comments
Hello Dibya, this is your mentor Chelwoon.
When a person is exposed to heavy metal substances such as mercury, it is very difficult to return to the original state of health, as it can be easily accumulated inside the human body, at the same time, it is also not easily excreted. There are many types of remediation technologies, but most of them do not work to remove heavy metals from pollution sites. Phytoremediation seems like a very good solution for it! It usually takes a lot of time and money to deal with soil pollution especially with heavy metal pollution due to its characteristics. In this regard, the remediation technology mentioned in this article will play a huge role!
Thank you for the article!
Regards,
Chelwoon
Posted 27-04-2022 16:10
Thank you mentor :)
Posted 22-04-2022 15:36
Hello Dibya, this is your mentor Joon.
Heavy metal contamination of soil has been a problem for long time. Itai-Itai disease, which I mentioned in my article, is based on excess accumulation of cadmium dumped by factories. Though regulations has been set in some countries, there are more countries which do not have proper measure. Even if the country has some regulations, it is hard to be controlled as it is very hard to verify whether pollution has been made. Hope more companies and government care more about soil pollution.
Well read your article, and let's keep up!
Best,
Joon
Posted 21-04-2022 17:58