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Energy Storage System (ESS) : How ESS can contribute to carbon neutrality |
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by Fermaud ADOUMADJI MBAIORNOM | 30-11-2022 07:05
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Carbon neutrality does not mean eliminating greenhouse gas emissions. According to the definition of the European Parliament, carbon neutrality is "the balance between carbon emissions and the absorption of carbon from the atmosphere by carbon sinks". The scale of the challenge is therefore clear. It imposes drastic reductions in anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions produced by fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas), particularly in the energy production and consumption sectors, as well as the deployment solutions to extract carbon from the atmosphere. Maximizing natural carbon sinks (including reforestation and sustainable land use) and using innovative technologies can help. For this, rapid and profound transitions of all the key components of the economic system are necessary: energy, industry, buildings, transport and land use. Not to mention our lifestyles, by reducing our carbon footprint. The European Union has set itself a target of carbon neutrality in 2050. The National Low Carbon Strategy (SNBC) is France's roadmap for combating climate change. It involves several actions: - Completely decarbonize energy production by 2050: biomass resources, geothermal energy, heat pumps, carbon-free electricity (nuclear & renewables); - Reduce energy consumption in all sectors, by increasing energy efficiency and developing sobriety in our consumption patterns, without loss of comfort; - Reduce emissions not related to energy consumption, for example from agriculture or industrial processes; - Increase carbon sinks (natural and technological) to absorb incompressible residual emissions by 2050, while developing biomass production. The calculation of the carbon footprint makes it possible to evaluate the quantity of CO2 of anthropogenic origin emitted into the atmosphere. We obtain an estimate of this quantity in kilogram equivalent CO2 (eq CO2). Establishing a carbon footprint makes it possible to analyze which activities pollute the most and thus implement appropriate actions to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. It is important to do the calculation over the entire life cycle of a product. If tomorrow we suddenly stopped emitting greenhouse gases on a planetary scale, after a century 40% of the excess CO2 that we have created would still be in the atmosphere, and 20% would still be there after 1,000 years. It is the very high chemical stability of CO2 that is the source of this persistent effect. Due to the inertia of CO2 in the atmosphere, climate change will continue to increase for decades, centuries or millennia if we do not The International Energy Agency (IEA) relies heavily on CO2 capture and storage. It estimates, in its optimistic scenario, that it would make it possible to limit global warming to 2°C by 2100, that this technique could contribute up to 14% to the global reduction of CO2 emissions of fossil origin. by 2060. So interesting but not sufficient, hence the need to develop low-carbon energy sources but also energy efficiency. The transition to a decarbonized economy based on hydrogen, capable of achieving carbon neutrality by 2050 in accordance with the objectives of the Paris Agreement, requires a rapid and massive development of the production of renewable and low-carbon hydrogen. carbon content. This will require massive investment and appropriate political support, according to a new United Nations report released on Thursday. Hydrogen (H2) is a commodity chemical used today primarily in petroleum refining and in the production of ammonia (for fertilizers) and methanol. When used as a fuel, it does not generate direct emissions of pollutants or greenhouse gases. Due to its potential as a raw material, energy carrier and storage medium, hydrogen offers the prospect of decarbonising the energy sector and large sectors of the economy, such as transport, industry, electricity production and municipal heating. It also opens up interesting prospects in sectors that are difficult to decarbonise, such as energy-intensive industries or long-distance transport, where electrification is only partially possible. The transition to a hydrogen economy would increase annual global hydrogen demand in 2050 to some 650 Mt, compared to 70 Mt currently, or about 14% of total global energy demand expected at that date. According to the European Union (EU) hydrogen strategy, cumulative investments in renewable hydrogen in Europe by 2050 are expected to be in the range of €180-470 billion and, for low-carbon hydrogen (of fossil origin with CCUS), in a range of 3 to 18 billion euros. However, today around 95% of hydrogen is produced from natural gas or other hydrocarbons, resulting in emissions of 70-100 million tonnes of CO2 per year in EU countries alone. (The International Energy Agency estimates global emissions at 900 million tonnes of CO2). To contribute to carbon neutrality, current hydrogen production must shift from fossil fuels to fossil fuels with carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS), renewable electricity, nuclear energy or electrolysis in using low-carbon electricity. But currently, clean hydrogen is 2 to 3 times more expensive to produce. Public and private investment in clean hydrogen research and development has increased over the past four years to address this issue. However, significant challenges still need to be addressed. “Many countries in the region have launched experiments, adopted hydrogen strategies and mobilized billions of dollars in financing. Many more are showing interest. The region is well placed to become a major player in the future hydrogen economy. But it will require large-scale public and private investment and sustained political commitment,” said Olga Algayerova, Executive Secretary of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). Sources:
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2 Comments
Hello, this is your mentor Minkyung.
Thank you for sharing your knowledge on how ESS can contribute to carbon neutrality. I've only heard of a pessimistic view of our future, it was quite surprising to hear that there might be still some hope. I hope we all gain awareness of the issue and keep trying to make the world more liveable, leaving a better place for the next generation.
Thank you for the insightful report :)
Posted 07-12-2022 19:09
Hi, Fermaud ADOUMADJI MBAIORNOM!
This is your mentor, Yoon.
Thank you for introducing why ESS will lead our society toward a carbon-neutral society. Your writing is very convincing as you included objects related to carbon neutrality from different organizations.
Excellent job on writing the free report.
I am looking forward to reading your following report!
Posted 05-12-2022 00:43