The ESS is a system of technologies and methods which are used to store energy. This sort of energy can be used at any time for different operations. There are seven types of methods achieved for storing energy: compressed air storage, pumped heat electrical storage, liquid air energy storage, Lithium-Ion battery storage, flywheel energy storage, advanced rail energy storage, and pumped storage hydroelectricity. In my report, I want to introduce you to the most three popular way of energy storage methods among the methods mentioned above.

The compressed air storage method helps to store energy by using compressed air. In order to produce electricity using this way of storing energy, electrical energy is converted into high-pressure compressed air and then used to run a turbine generator. However, despite having lots of advantages, it has some disadvantages as well. The compressed air storage method has a high budget cost, and it can also lead to water shortage issues. At the moment, the leading country using this method, which has the largest compressed air storage method project, is China.

The pumped storage hydroelectricity method uses the gravitational possibilities of water in storing energy. It allows water to fall into a turbine generator and once pumped storage produces electricity, it pumps water from the lowest reservoir to back to the highest one. However, this method can lead to ecological issues and become a threat to natural areas that are surrounded by mountains and hills as it requires the storage of water in high amounts and also mountainous regions. Currently, this method is mostly preferred in Japan and United States.

Liquid air energy storage way of storing energy uses air to produce electricity and to generate it. Firstly, the air must be liquefied and poured into a tank. After that, it is brought back to its gaseous state and used to generate electricity by turning a turbine. As a compressed air storage method, it has a high amount of budget expenses following wide-ranging requirements.

In Uzbekistan, among seven methods Lithium-Ion Battery storage system is a widely used method. In a Lithium-Ion battery, lithium ions move from the negative electrode to the positive electrode during the discharge and the opposite of it while it is charged. These batteries are used in most consumer electronics such as laptops and phones. Uzbekistan is one of the leading manufacturers of Lithium-Ion batteries among the other top countries.

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