Capture:

• The first step involves capturing CO2 emissions at their source, such as power plants or industrial facilities. Various capture technologies are employed for this purpose.

Transport:

• Once captured, the CO2 is transported to a storage site. This transportation can occur via pipelines, ships, or other means, depending on the location and scale of a project.

Storage:

• The final stage is the storage of captured CO2 in geological formations, depleted oil and gas fields, or other secure underground sites. This prevents the released CO2 from re-entering the atmosphere.

Post-Combustion Capture:

• This technology captures CO2 after the combustion of fossil fuels. It involves separating CO2 from other gases emitted during combustion, typically using solvents or other chemical processes.

Pre-Combustion Capture:

• Pre-combustion capture takes place before the actual combustion of fossil fuels. It involves converting fossil fuels into a mixture of hydrogen and CO2, separating the CO2, and then burning the hydrogen for energy.

Oxy-Fuel Combustion:

• Oxy-fuel combustion involves burning fossil fuels in pure oxygen rather than air, resulting in a flue gas primarily composed of CO2 and water vapor. The CO2 can then be separated from the water vapor.

Emission Reduction:

• Carbon capture enables the reduction of CO2 emissions from existing industrial processes and power plants, a critical measure in achieving climate targets.

Transition Period:

• While transitioning to renewable energy sources, carbon capture acts as a bridge technology, allowing for the continued use of fossil fuels with reduced environmental impact.

Industrial Applications:

• Carbon capture is not limited to power generation; it can also be applied to various industrial processes, such as cement and steel production, addressing emissions from a wide range of sectors.

Climate Resilience:

• Implementing carbon capture technologies enhances climate resilience by actively removing CO2 from the atmosphere, contributing to the restoration of a balanced and sustainable environment.