I studied on land degradation and desertification in Mongolia this time.

 

< Land Degradation >

 

  - A degradation of ecosystem in Mongolia is still being obstacle for its socio-economic development and economic stabilization.

- A total area of the damaged or depleted land is estimated to be 121.7 million hectares, of which:

-  91.7 million hectares are by the combination of wind and water;

- 21.1 million hectares by water;

- 7.9 million hectares are covered by sand

Main human causes of land degradation are:

- Mining is one of the rapidly growing and leading industry branches

in Mongolia causing substantial soil destruction. No proper

rehabilitation measures during and after mining.

- Overgrazing specially around settlement areas and water points, etc.

- Nearly half of the total farmland is out of use and abandoned.

 

    < Desertification (Climate Change, Dust and Sand Storms) >

 

Mongolia is a country, which experiences serious drought and desertification.

- More than 40% of the territory is composed of arid and desert areas

- 70% degraded at certain rate

- 90 % of the total territory a subject to desertification.

Current desertification has three main directions: 1) Desertification of vegetation cover, 2) Desiccation of wetland ecosystems and 3) Increase of sand area.