Nuclear leaks can have severe and long-lasting effects on their surroundings. The extent of the impact depends on factors such as the type and amount of radioactive material released, the location and duration of the leak, and weather conditions. Here are some of the potential impacts:

1. Human health: Exposure to radioactive materials can have serious health effects, including cancer, genetic mutations, and organ damage. In severe cases, it can lead to acute radiation sickness, which can be fatal.

2. Environmental damage: Radioactive material can contaminate the soil, water, and air, and can persist in the environment for years or even centuries. This can harm plants and animals, and disrupt the ecological balance of the affected area.

3. Economic impact: The cost of cleaning up and mitigating the effects of a nuclear leak can be significant, and can have long-term economic impacts on the affected region.

4. Public safety: Nuclear leaks can lead to evacuation of the surrounding areas, and can disrupt the daily lives of the people in the affected region.

5. Social impact: Nuclear leaks can have a psychological impact on the people living in the affected region. Fear, stress, and anxiety can have long-lasting effects on the mental health and well-being of the affected population.

Overall, nuclear leaks can have far-reaching and long-lasting effects on human health, the environment, and the economy, making it essential to prevent such incidents and ensure the safe management of nuclear materials.