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World Report View

Biodiversity and its degradation.

by Sandhya Adhikari | 12-10-2019 01:35 recommendations 0

Biological diversity connotes: "The range of genetic differences, species differences and ecosystem differences" in a particular area of region (U.N., 1997). Biodiversity refers to the variety and variability of all animals, plants and micro-organisms on earth. It includes- genera, species and community (ecosystem and habitats). The rich biodiversity is reflected by the number of species, genera and ecosystem present at each level. The term ¡°Life of Earth¡± is equally used to denote bio-diversity which describes the number, variety and variability of living organisms.

 

Biodiversity is a holistic concept and comprises the whole spectrum of conservation activities dealing from the in-situ conservation of population, communities and ecosystem to ex-situ conservation involving zoos, botanical gardens, zoological gardens, gene banks for storing sperms, embryo, tissue, organs and DNA. Biodiversity conservation is a complex process that properly maintains ecological balance thereby reduces green house gases and control global warming, protects flora and fauna, and conserves resources.

 

Carry and Moony (1990) reported that about 75% of genetic diversity of the most important crops has disappeared from farms during this century due to the monoculture. These losses in genetic diversity had increased vulnerability and reduced the essential variety of diets of rural people. Nepal has developed an impressive network of protected areas covering 18.33% of national geographic area as a means of conserving its biodiversity. However, problems have been emerged in the management of these protected areas.

 

Status of biodiversity in Nepal

¡×          Nepal ranks 27th in its biodiversity richness in global context and 11th in continental basis.

¡×          There are 118 ecosystems existing in this country

 

               Table: Different types of flora and fauna have been identified in Nepal

Types

Number

Types

Number

Vascular plant species

>7000 species

Mammals

175 species

Medicinal plant

>700 species

Birds

858 species

Flowering plant

370 species

Butterflies

600 species

Fungi

1670 species

Dragon flies

185 species

Algae

687 species

Moths

50 species

Lichens

465 species

Fish

185 species

Bryophytes

853 species

Insect

5052 species

Pteridophytes

383 species

Amphibian

43 species

 

 

Reptiles

100 species

Biodiversity conservation has economic benefits along with the environmental & aesthetic values.

1.      All floras and faunas are the beauty of green forest.

2.      Lack of wildlife causes imbalance in the environment i.e. disturbance in ecosystem's elements of food chain may causes environmental imbalance.

3.      Biodiversity serves as the basis for eco-tourism i.e. wild birds, animals and flora helps in flourishing wild trade because many tourists come to Nepal for watching the threatened and endangered wildlife and country has economic gain.

For instance

a.       60, 000 foreign tourists visit Chitwan National Park annually which collects $ 6, 90, 000 entrance fee, $ 7,40,000 elephant ride fee and generate total revenue $ 5 million  (including lodging and fooding).

b.      1,20,000 people from Chitwan enter Royal Chitwan forest for two weeks and collect 15 million kg thatch grass of value Rs 30 million and the revenue from permit is Rs 3, 64, 000.

 

Thus  to sum up there is the great requirement of biodiversity conservation, we can protect it by various strategies through insitu conservation, declaration of buffer zone, protected area, community forest  protections and so on.



SOURCE: internet, blog and newspaper.

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15 Comments

  • Bindu Dhakal says :
    Hello Sandhya didi,
    I hope you are doing great,
    Thank you so much for your informative report,
    Keep writing,
    Green Cheers,
    Bindu

    Posted 15-07-2021 20:40

  • Hema Sapkota says :
    Hello sandhya
    I hope you are doing well!
    Nice report
    Keep writing
    Thank you so much for this report!

    Looking forward to reading some more reports.
    Green cheers!

    Best regards
    Hema
    Posted 19-03-2020 11:42

  • Ishma Gurung says :
    Greetings sandhya
    I hope you are doing well

    Thank you so much for this great report
    I hope to read more from you!

    Green cheers
    Regards
    Ishma
    Posted 17-03-2020 12:21

  • Horticulturist Susmita says :
    Hello sandhya
    I hope you are doing well

    Thank you so much for this report.
    Regards
    Sus
    Posted 29-02-2020 21:18

  • Madhu Aryal says :
    Hello Sandhya,
    I hope you are doing fine.Thanks for your beautiful report .

    With warm regards
    Yours
    Madhu Aryal
    Posted 14-10-2019 18:04

  • Prashamsa Bhusal says :
    Thank you Sandhya for this wonderful piece of writing!!
    Go green!
    Posted 14-10-2019 13:46

  • Sandhya Adhikari says :
    Thank you so much@ Shreya for your great words.
    Posted 13-10-2019 23:30

  • Sandhya Adhikari says :
    Thank you preeti baini for your words.
    Posted 13-10-2019 23:29

  • Sandhya Adhikari says :
    Thank you so much@ meena pandey.
    Posted 13-10-2019 23:29

  • Sandhya Adhikari says :
    Thank you so much Asmita Dii for your words.
    Posted 13-10-2019 23:28

  • Shreya Aryal says :
    Hello Sandhya,
    Nepal is a beautiful and diverse country with many flora and faunas and we have a great possiblity from them for which their conservation is most.
    Thank you for the detail and tuis wonderful report.
    Green Cheers:-)
    Posted 13-10-2019 11:52

  • Meena Pandey says :
    Hello!!!
    I hope you are fine and doing great.
    Thank you for well written report.
    Hope to know more from you.
    Keep writing and shining.

    Warm regards,
    Meena Pandey
    Posted 12-10-2019 23:42

  • Preeti Karki says :
    Wow didi
    Such a great report
    Thank you for this
    Posted 12-10-2019 15:28

  • Asmita Gaire says :
    Hello sandhya baini
    I hope you are well.
    Very detailed report on biodiversity.


    Thank you for this report.

    Green Cheers
    Yours
    Asmita Gaire
    Posted 12-10-2019 11:24

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