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|Brazil| Luiz Bispo Bachelor`s Final Thesis – ESALQ USP |
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by Luiz Bispo | 04-02-2018 17:08 0 |
ABSTRACT Title: USING OF URBAN WOODEN RESIDUES TO THE MANUFACTURING OF TOYS The urban forestry management is a sort of practice which generates significant amount of residues. The volume of wood from the process of removing and pruning of the trees are expressive. The National Plan of Solid Residues (PNRS) from Brazil does not allow the maintenance of this type of residues into sanitary landfills due to the fact that it occupies a lot of space and it takes a long time for total natural degradation. Furthermore, according to the PNRS, the open burning of wood is not allowed. Therefore, the developing of strategies to provide value to the material is essential due to the fact that it has a significant potential to be used for the manufacturing of wooden products with higher added value. However, currently, it has been used to the development of composting in order to generate energy. Among the possibilities of valuing the wooden residues, there is the manufacturing of wooden toys for children and adolescents who can contribute to the proper destination of the materials. Also, it aggregates social and economic benefits.The objective of this research was tocreate a line of wooden toys to the age between 2 and 7 years by utilizing the residues of urban forestry pruning from Piracicaba city as raw materials. The analized species of this research were: Spathodea campanulata, Schinus molle and Handroanthus heptaphyllus.The wood residues were collected and analyzed. It was originated from the pruning and maintenance of the urban trees of Piracicaba city. Samples to characterization of wooden materials occurred: basic and bulk density, humidity, retraction, extractive presence, color, drawing and Janka hardness. The characteristics of the residues have been determined according to the norms: ABNT NBR 7190:1997, ABNT NBR 10004:2004, ABNT NBR 9487:1986, ABNT NBR 14853:2010, ABNT NBR 300-1, 300-2, 300 3:2004, ASTM D143-94:2007 and system CIELAB 1976.The development and manufacturing of the wooden products was made according to the human development theory of Jean Piaget. A gathering of information was carried in order to figure out, within the wooden toys sector, where is used the wood in the manufacturing of the products. Moreover, a market survey was approached to people in order to know the preferences regarding the products.The results show that the residues do not indicate improper conditions to the manufacture of toys. The product has a significant potential of sustainability and it is very useful for pedagogical proposes for children's education. Gold Support: Adriana Maria Nolasco (ESALQ USP Professor) Silver Support: Ananias Junior, Sidnei, Udemilson, Debora Klingenberg, Luciana Jankowsky, Alex, Gabriella, Vânia Massabni, Ricardo Leite. Bronze Support: Jiye Lee |
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