The consumption of the fossil fuel is increasing with population and per capita consumption. Due to the pressure of population, forest areas are under threat which lead to higher concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Similarly, coconut husk retting which is a major activity in the coastal areas of the state generates methane (second important green house gas) along with the hydrogen sulphide. Methane emission from various sources when converted to equivalent CO2 in terms of global warming potential accounts for about 16% and Nitrous Oxide contributes another 2%. Together, they contribute more than 93% of the warming potential of the green house gas emissions from Kerala. The study of the average annual mean maximum and minimum temperatures in Kerala from 1961 to 2003 confirms the raising trend of maximum, minimum and average temperatures of the order of respectively 0.80C, 0.20C and 0.50C. The climatic changes will take place not only due to the emission of green house gases but also due to the significant contribution from population increase and also due to the changes in land use pattern. However, climate change being a global phenomenon, the environmental impact of such activities with the state is bound to be minimal.Land based oil pollutionLand based pollution mainly from accidental oil spills from storage tanks and pipelines and also durirg transportation of oil through automobiles. Components of oil such as methane and ethane can cause suf focation. Benzene is toxic and its inhalation can cause anemia and components of sulphur can damage the liver and kidneys. Suspended particulate matter released in to the air by refineries can cause lung diseases.Environmental problems caused by stone crusher:The main complaint of the affected people was that inhaling the air containing the dust formed as a result of blasting of rocks caused several diseases in the area such as silicosis, asthma, and allergy. Sound pollution produced during the operation of the stone crusher units created hearing problems and disturbed the learning capacity of school children in the area. The dust and fragments of rocks from the units fly in the air and fall into the nearby wells and water systems whereby polluting thern. The particulate matter and dust fall on the trees nearby preventing the pollination of flowers. The particulate matter also falls on all the household articles causing lot of inconvenience. The Pollution Control Board has very effective rules and r egulations to control them, but unfortunately 99% of Stone Crusher Units had not implemented those regulations