To protect the nature, Indonesian government at all levels would need to reshape policies, reinforce laws, and partner with businesses. Turning TEV research into environmental economic policy recommendations, is one strategic example of ways to implement sufficient micro-economy for sustainable development in Indonesia. Beside influencing extracted material and controlling pollutions, these policies may also affect long-term production technologies and market prices.

Indonesian agriculture is associated with such forest policy as well. Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) mentioned that four-fifth of all agricultural farms worldwide are considered smallholder farms (less than two hectares) yet use major portion of all arable lands. In Asian countries like Indonesia, according to United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), a 10% increase in these farm yields will reduce poverty by 5%. Advanced green farming practices, such as minimizing pesticides use, may increase yields of small farms until up to 180%.

On economic instruments, environmental taxation to charge economic inputs and outputs related with environmental impacts has been explored by Indonesia. The challenges are that it is politically new, has equity-risking regression, and is potentially misused for other purposes due to centralized tax system. Grant or soft loan subsidies and tax incentives for environmental initiatives, deposit recycling, and progressive water usage pricing are other instruments that are currently being developed. Instruments such as environment performance bond, emission charge, and tradable permission permits, which are famous in the US, Europe, and Singapore, are yet to exist in Indonesia.