Stray dog means any dog not under direct control by a person or not prevented from roaming.

Kathmandu alone is home of more than 22,500 street dogs. They are commonly affected with injuries from collisions with vehicles, starvation, maggot infection, serious skin problems such as mange and infectious aliments. Some stray dogs in Nepal carry rabies, and dangerous disease which put people, particularly children who often play in the streets, at risk. Every year 200 people in Nepal die of rabies majority of them are children and 35,000 are treated for dog bites.

Stray dogs have many negative impacts on city environment and human health. Stray dogs cause noise pollution, feces garbage and traffic accidents.  Stray dogs can cause a collision when dogs run into the road, which might even result in injury to other people and also to itself .Moreover, stray dogs have become a bigger threat to human health and lives. Stray dogs can transfer and spread Rabies a deadly disease. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that there are more than 200 million stray dogs worldwide and that every year, 55,000 people die from rabies.

There are many causes for the stray dog problem. The most important reason is abandonment behavior by residents. A great numbers of dogs were abandoned by their owners for some reasons, such as family tragedies moving and getting married, sickness and intolerable physiological characteristics of pets, no money for treatment, unwilling to continue feeding. In fact, many stay dogs in were abandoned, because their owners could no longer afford to keep them. Moreover, lost dogs are also increasing the quantities of stray dogs. Without sterilization, the multiplication of stray dogs is also an important cause. From all of the above, everyone can see that stray dogs have become such a serious problem that needs to be solved urgently.

The available options to deal with stray dogs mainly include: sheltering, killing, vaccinating and neutering, non-governmental rescue actions and programs. With the problem of stray dogs appearing, there are many spontaneous organizations and programs to rescue them. However, according to the current situation, these options can?t effectively solve stray dog problem in our cities. So, these options are not better solutions.

Although the various solutions above can deal with the stray dog problem, there also exists weakness in each option. Sheltering looks like a good option for stray dogs, but the truth is it is not. Because there are so many stray dogs that need a huge amount of money for treatment. Shelters will occupy plenty of land and houses. It also needs many breeders, veterinarians to treat dogs. It also needs to be able to do appropriate quarantine, regular vaccinations, and deworming. In fact, money and resources will never be enough to meet the large demand of food and cost of stray dog management. What?s more, disease can easily and quickly transfer among the sheltered dogs. Shelters cannot solve the homeless animal problem. So sheltering is not a fundamental solution, because the number of stray dogs is always increasing. Perhaps many people think that killing is a simple solution, but in fact, it is not an efficient and human solution. How to kill is still a big problem. The most easy and efficient way is poisoning. But it?s also a cruel and painful way. It will put the other animals and humans at risk, especially children. Shooting seem like a good idea, because it is efficient, quick and painless. But it?s not easy to carry out. Shooting stray dogs on the street will bring risk to people. And it?s also an inhumane and brutal act. Some dogs may be wounded instead of killed. Stray dogs in Romania have been hunted and killed for decades without results. The fact has proved that killing stray dogs is not a sustainable solution. Vaccinating and neutering are good options, but it also has weakness. Vaccinating and neutering are helpful in controlling the transfer of disease and quantities of stray dogs.