Environmental Protection Agency Books

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Environmental Protection Agency Books
by \| 17-11-2016 16:50 0
Some of the environmental books I came across with were,Urban Rivers ,National Lake Assessment: A Collaborative Survey of the Nations Lakes,Water Quality Assessment and TMDL Information. National Summary of State Information,National Lake Assessment Report. All these books were written by environmental protection agency, the books helped me to write my own urban lakes environmental projects and from these books I deeply understand the causes for water pollution especially in urban areas as well as different types of water pollution around the world. For example the following are types and causes of water pollution. Water pollution occurs when pollutants are directly or indirectly discharged into water bodies without adequate treatment remove harmful compounds. Surface water pollution Is the pollution of aquatic systems that are above ground, such as streams, lakes and rivers. These waters become polluted when rainwater runoff carries pollutants into the water. The pollutants transported by runoff are things like salts and chemicals from city and highway roads and nutrients and fertilizers from farms and lawns. When pollution is caused by nutrients and fertilizers, this is called nutrient pollution, and it leads to an overproduction of algae and other aquatic plants. This overabundance of plants and algae causes problems, because they cover the water surface and prevent sunlight from reaching the plants underwater. This then leads to less oxygen production, which causes harm to oxygen-breathing organisms in the water, like fish. Surface water may also be polluted with pathogens and waterborne diseases, which is usually the result of sewage leaks and runoff from animal factories. These viruses and bacteria that pollute the water may cause dangerous human health problems such as giardia, typhoid and hepatitis. Interestingly, one way to monitor for this type of pollution is checking the water for fecal coliform bacteria, which comes from the waste of people and other animals. If the water is contaminated with this type of bacteria (which itself is not harmful to human health), it indicates that other types of bacteria that are very dangerous to humans may also present, because they often come from the same sources. Oil Pollution An oil spill is the release of a liquid petroleum hydrocarbon into the environment, especially marine areas, due to human activity. Oil spills usually have only a localized affect but can spread. Chemical Water Pollution Many industries and farmers work with chemicals that end up in water. These include chemicals that are used to control weeds, insects, pests and synthetic chemicals such as petroleum products and other car fluids, and mercury, lead and arsenic from mining site drainage. Metals and solvents from industries can pollute water bodies. These chemicals are very dangerous for the environment as well as for the health of the organisms that inhabit them. Ground Water Pollution When humans apply pesticides and chemicals to soils, they are washed deep into the ground by rain water. This gets to underground water, causing pollution underground. Thermal pollution Thermal pollution is the rise or fall in the temperature of a natural body of water caused by human influence. Thermal pollution, unlike chemical pollution, results in a change in the physical properties of water. Agricultural Pollution Sediment soil washed off fields is the largest source of agricultural pollution in the United States. Farmers may utilize to reduce runoff flows and retain soil on their fields. Significant causes of pollution in water bodies About one third of the nations rivers, lakes and streams are routinely assessed for water quality by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Out of the 1 million miles of streams examined, over half had waters considered impaired. A stream is categorized as impaired when it cannot fulfill at least one of its uses, which include a variety of functions like fish protection & propagation, recreation, and public water supply. EPA. *(2009). National Lake Assessment: A Collaborative Survey of the Nation?s Lakes.* *EPA. (2015).Water Quality Assessment and TMDL Information. National Summary of State Information.* Frederic Beaudry, (2015). EPA (2000).National Lake Assessment Report. photo courtesy By me REFERENCES

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